American Government Final 1

Question 1

What are the Primary goals of the political parties?

Answer 1

Nominate people, inform and activate supporters, set goals, govern and act as a watchdog.

Question 2

What are the types of elections?

Answer 2

• Primary elections- elections in which voters determine their party’s nominee for an elective office
• General elections- elections in which voters can choose among candidates from different parties to fill an elective office

Question 3

What are the types of primaries?

Answer 3

Direct: inner party elections, rep. only
Closed: only elected members can vote
Open: any person can cast a vote

Question 4

How does one form their political attitude?

Answer 4

By their beliefs, occupation, education, economy, where they live in the country, financial

Question 5

Define Lobbyists

Answer 5

People who organize efforts to influence the policy process by persuading public officials to favor or oppose action on a specific issue

Question 6

Define Interest groups

Answer 6

organized group whose members share a common goal and try to promote their interests by influencing government policy making and decision making.

Question 7

What is political spin?

Answer 7

The deliberate shading of information about a person or an event in an attempt to influence how it is reported in the media

Question 8

What is media bias?

Answer 8

Real or imagined prejudice that is thought to affect what stories journalists cover an how they report those stories

Question 9

What is public good?

Answer 9

a product or service that is available for all people to consume, weather they pay for it or not.

Question 10

What type of economic is Market?

Answer 10

b. Market- an economic system that relies mainly on markets to determine what goods and services to produce and how to produce them

Question 11

What type of economic is Command?

Answer 11

Command- an economic system that relies mainly on the central government to determine what goods and services to produce and how to produce them

Question 12

What type of economic is Mixed?

Answer 12

c. Mixed- blends reliance on market forces with some government involvement in the marketplace

Question 13

What type of economic is Traditional?

Answer 13

d. Traditional- an economic system in which decisions about what to produce and how goods are made on the basis of customs, beliefs, and customs

Question 14

What are the purposes of The Articles of Confederation and The Declaration Of Independence?

Answer 14

The national government created under the articles of confederation was much weaker than the governments established in the states. The articles were designed so that each state could retain its “sovereignty, freedom, and independence.”

It gave the United States freedom from Great Britain.

Question 15

What are the articles and how many are there?

Answer 15

1: Defines the legislative branch, its powers, and members/
2: defines the executive branch, its powers, duties and means of approval.
3: sets up the judicial branch and defines treason.
4: regulates the states powers and their interactions with the national government.
5: sets up the amendment process.
6: states the that the constitution is the supreme law of the land and people must follow it.
7: addresses ratification and that 9 out of 13 states must ratify.

Question 16

What is the purpose of the preamble?

Answer 16

Constitution’s fundamental purposes and guiding principles.

Question 17

What philosopher is Locke?

Answer 17

(1632-1704) he was an english political theorist and philosopher whose ideas helped laid the foundations for democratic government. Locke believed that people form governments to protect their rights and not save them from themselves.

Question 18

What philosopher is Rousseau?

Answer 18

(1712-1778) he was a french philosopher who believed that people were naturally good but were corrupted and enslaved y society.

Question 19

What philosopher is Montesquieu?

Answer 19

(1968-1755) he was a french aristocrat and political philosopher who believed that democracy was the best rom of government, he also said that power must be divided among different groofs for it to work.

Question 20

What philosopher is Voltaire?

Answer 20

(1694–1778) he was a philosopher famous for his wit he believed in freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.

Question 21

What philosopher is Machiavelli?

Answer 21

Machiavelli felt that his early schooling along the lines of a traditional classical education was essentially useless for the purpose of understanding politics. Nevertheless, he advocated intensive study of the past, particularly regarding the founding of a city, which he felt was a key to understanding its later development.

Question 22

What are the separation of powers?

Answer 22

The ideas that the power of a government should be split into two more strongly independent branches to prevent one person from gaining too much power.

Question 23

Define federalism

Answer 23

A political system in which the power is divided between a central government and sammler regional governments.

Question 24

What are the Bill of Rights?

Answer 24

The first ten amendments of the constitution and give people basic rights.

Question 25

Know the early influences of the Greeks, Romans, and the Enlightenment era.

Answer 25

Greeks- he early Greeks in Athens began to use the direct democracy

• Romans- in 5oo B.C. the Roman people overthrew their monarch & turned Rome into a republic, which over time developed into a representative democracy
• Enlightenment Era- enlightenment thinkers stressed the value of science & reason, not only for studding the natural world, but also for improving human society & government

Question 26

how are these documents important?

• Magna Carta
• English Bill of Rights
• Mayflower Compact
• Petition to Rights

Answer 26

a. Magna Carta- defined the rights and duties of English nobles and set limits on the monarch’s power, established the principle of the rule of law
b. English Bill of Rights- elections without royal interference, established the power of Parliament over the monarchy1689, reaffirmed the principles of individual rights established in the Magna Carta and the Petition of Right, new individual rights guaranteed to British subjects included the right to petition the king, the right to bear arms, & freedom from cruel & unusual punishments, other provisions included the right to trial by jury & to hold
c. Mayflower Compact- 1or a government st Document in U.S., organized singers into a “civil body politic,”
d. Etc.: The Petition of Right- 1628, prohibited arbitrary arrests & the quartering of troops In private homes without the owners’ consent, underscored the principle of limited government by affirming that the king’s power was not absolute