America on the World Stage Flashcards
1
Q
Imperialism
A
When a larger, more powerful country (America/Europe) dominates a smaller/weaker country (countries in South America, Africa, etc.) socially/economically for various reasons
2
Q
The Influence of Sea Power on History
A
- Book that pushes for military superiority
- Countries are more powerful when they have a large navy (peak of an empire is when its navy is the biggest)
3
Q
Spanish-American War
A
- Seen as a turning point towards a more global US presence
- War fueled by yellow journalism
- Results in acquisition of territory in Asia and Caribbean
- Significant in changing America’s global status
- Spanish loses war and three territories (Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines)
4
Q
Yellow Journalism
A
- Publishing sensational content to sell more papers (clickbait)
- Manufacture war with Spain to get more readers
5
Q
Explosion of Maine Ship
A
- The ship was blown up which killed a lot of Americans
- Newspapers say that the Spanish blew up the ship
- Angers Americans
6
Q
Philippines and the United States
A
- Philippines is a strategic territory for the United States since they have territories outside of their connected body
- United States has a predicament since they were a colony and now they have the Philippines as a colony
- Made a deal with Filipinos during the Spanish American war to make them a colony when America wins the war
- Filipinos end up fighting for independence
Becomes independent after WW2 (During decolonization)
7
Q
Imperialist Policies
A
- Roosevelt: Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick
- Taft: Dollar Diplomacy
- Wilson: Moral Diplomacy
8
Q
Roosevelt’s Imperialist Policy
A
- “Speak Softly & Carry a Big Stick”
- Be diplomatic, but have a lot of military stages
- Incite a revolt in Panama against the Colombians, and in exchange for that they get to build the canal
- Roosevelt is not just starting a war to get what he wants, but working behind the scenes
- Roosevelt says that European countries could not come into Latin America and that the United States would make sure that debts are collected
- Puts America on the world stage
9
Q
Examples of “Big Stick” Diplomacy
A
- The Panama Canal → US incited a revolt in Panama so US could secure rights to the canal (Hay-Bunau-Varilla)
- Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine
- US will collect European debts in L.A. and policy L.A and the Caribbean
10
Q
Progressives
A
- Aimed to solve corruption, corporate abuse, and to clean up cities
- Focused on using the government to solve problems caused by industrialization
- Ignores problems in the South (lynching, racial problems)
- Relies on science and evidence-based analyses
11
Q
Muckraking Journalists
A
- Examples include Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell
- Expose problems and corruption through the media
- Ida Tarbell - Writes a series of magazines about the history of Standard Oil and how Rockefeller made his money through being corrupt and abuse
12
Q
Torpedoing of Passenger Ships by U-Boats (Lusitania)
A
- Germans kill 300 American civilians, but does not immediately result in US involvement
13
Q
Zimmerman Note
A
- Germans sent a telegram to Mexico to plan to attack/invade the United States but British intercept telegram and send it to the United States, which results in the US involvement in the war
14
Q
Versailles Conference
A
- Major powers come together at Versailles to make a peace treaty
- Wilson becomes a leader at the Versailles Conference which helps to make US a global power
- Wilson is very idealistic and cooperative while European leaders are angry and vengeful
- League of Nations created, but Senate does not ratify the treaty b/c Americans did not really get anything from WWI so United States does not join
- So US returns to isolationism
15
Q
14 Points/League of Nations
A
- Created at the Versailles Conference
- Designed to prevent another world war
16
Q
Sedition Act
A
- Government’s ability to limit freedom of speech during war
- Passed by Congress when the war begins to clamp down on speech that they considered dangerous b/c it makes it harder for them to win the war regardless
- Gives the government broad powers to arrest people for their speech or censor publications
- Thousands of people went to jail for their speech and the post office censored thousands of publications that were considered dangerous which is how the people got information, so it affects them b/c they are uneducated about the war
17
Q
Schenck Case
A
- A man named Schenck is against the military draft and hands leaflets to convince people against it but is arrested b/c he violates the Sedition Act so he takes them to court for violating his first amendment rights
- However, the Supreme Court says that the government can limit freedom of speech when the speech poses a threat to the public
- E.g. you can’t yell fire at a movie theater b/c it causes panic and is dangerous to the people
18
Q
Great Migration
A
- Movement of Black people from the South to
- Northern cities for work between the first and second World Wars
- Black people leave lynching and Jim Crow for job opportunities in the North
- Creates large black populations in northern cities for first time
- Creates racial tensions as this happens
- White people think that Black people are taking their jobs and companies pay less to Black people, which angers Black people
19
Q
Chicago Race Riot
A
- Killed several and destroyed a lot of property
- Example of racial tensions
20
Q
First Red Scare
A
- Becoming paranoid due to a fear of communism because of the Russian Revolution, anarchy, etc.
- So a lot of people who have not done wrong end up in prison b/c they are communists
21
Q
Red Summer of 1919
A
- Height of racial violence in the North due to Great Migration
22
Q
Underwood Tariff
A
- Lowered tariffs and reintroduced a federal income tax
23
Q
16th Amendment
A
- Legalized federal income tax
24
Q
Direct Primaries
A
- Election where voters choose a political party’s candidates for office
25
Hepburn Act
- Gave the Interstate Commerce Commission power to examine railroads' business records and to set reasonable values
26
Anthracite Coal Strike
- Strike by miners who wants higher wages and shorter work days
- Government sides with laborers which shows a shift b/c government usually sides with companies
27
Federal Reserve Act
- Established the Federal Reserve System which created a central bank
28
Antiquities Act
- Provided protection for lands and sites that were of historic/scientific interest
29
Northern Securities Decision
- A court case that dissolved the Northern Securities Company for violating the Sherman Antitrust Act
30
Initiatives
- Gave citizens the right to propose laws
31
17th Amendment
- Required US senators to be elected by voters
32
Recalls
- Allowed voters to remove an elected official from office
33
Keatings-Owen Act
- First law that limited child labor
34
18th Amendment
- Banned intoxicating liquors
34
Meat Inspection Act
- Ensured safety of meat sold in the US
35
Pure Food and Drug Act
- First law to regulate food and medicine manufacturing by prohibiting inaccurate labeling and dangerous additives
36
Clayton Antitrust Act
- Strengthens Sherman Antitrust Act by closing loopholes and focusing on the fall of monopolies
