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History🌍 > America 1920-1973 > Flashcards

America 1920-1973 Flashcards

America 1920-1973

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1
Q

Why was American society known as the ‘melting pot’ in the 1920’s?

A

Because people from all over the world went to America for the American dream, and they were all mixed together.

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2
Q

Why is LACK PANTS significant to America in the 1920s?

A

It is a combination of reasons that helped contribute to the Boom in America

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3
Q

THE ECONOMIC BOOM

A

THE ECONOMIC BOOM

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4
Q

Why was the economy booming again by 1923 after the war and after the depression?

A

The boost of Republican Presidents policies

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5
Q

What does Laissez faire mean?

A

Republicans left businesses alone as much as possible to make as much profit as possible.

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6
Q

What made America very rich by 1918?

A

America exported weapons and food to Europe during the First World War this is made American companies rich

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7
Q

What are Tariffs?

A
  • A type of tax on imports
  • Goods built and made in America were cheaper
  • This encouraged people to buy American, boosting American industries hugely
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8
Q

What happened to taxes in comparison to peoples wages?

A
  • Wages increased but taxes stayed low

- People had more money to spend on American goods, increasing sales and boosting profits and the economy even more

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9
Q

Who benefitted the most short term because of the boost?

A

Businessmen (as company profits increased)

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10
Q

During the early 1920s the economy grew because of increased sales of CONSUMER ITEMS such as…?

A

Radios, vacuum cleaners and washing machines

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11
Q

Consumer items was driven by what four main factors?

A

Mass production, Tariffs, Advertising and Credit

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12
Q

What is mass production

A

Goods were made on a large scale. This meant consumer goods could be made much cheaper.

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13
Q

How was advertising used?

A

New advertising techniques were used. Newspapers ran adverts persuading people they needed the new products.

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14
Q

What was credit used for?

A

The real secrets of the boom were HIRE PURCHASE and CREDIT. People didn’t need to have the money at the time they waned to purchase a car or a radio.

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15
Q

The increased confidence also encouraged some people to invest in the…?

A

STOCK MARKET

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16
Q

Who created the first production and mass production (and when)?

A

Henry Ford, 1913

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17
Q

In 1927 one car was produced every…?

A

Ten seconds

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18
Q

Short term who suffered the most because of the economic boom

A

Farmers and mainly lower class people

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19
Q

Why was it that farmers suffered the most in the 1920s?

A

After WW1 demand for food fell dramatically

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20
Q

What happened to workers in old industries

A

They lost there jobs

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21
Q

New technology and new materials replaced workers in the ______ and ________ industries

A

Coal and textiles

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22
Q

What groups of people were most likely to be unemployed in the 1920s?

A

African-American, Hispanics and immigrant groups

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23
Q

The ____________ approach of the Republicans meant they did very little to help the poor.

A

Laissez-faire

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24
Q

What did the Republicans believe would happen if they left poor people alone?

A

The situation would sort itself out

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25
Q

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE 1920s

A

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE 1920s

26
Q

Many young people rejected traditional values because of changes in __________, ______, _______ and ________.

A

Technology, music, dance and fashion

27
Q

Average wages rose by?

A

11.1%

28
Q

Average working hours fell by?

A

Five hours a week

29
Q

Who was most likely to experience these changes?

A

People living in cities

30
Q

What were the new forms of entertainment?

A

Radio, cinema, jazz and sport

31
Q

URBAN WOMEN’S FREEDOM

A

URBAN WOMEN’S FREEDOM

32
Q

What did women dress And behave like before the 1920s?

A
  • Wear restrictive clothing
  • No makeup
  • Had to behave politely
33
Q

Explain women in the 1920s?

A

FLAPPERS were young urban women who cut there hair short, wore less restricting clothes and smoked in public.

34
Q

Explain women’s work before the 1920s?

A

There were few paid jobs for middle class women. Unmarried women often worked as teachers or secretaries, married women were expected to stay home.

35
Q

Explain women’s work during the 1920s?

A

WW1 challenged the views on women working. By 1929, there were 10 million women in paid work (24% more than in 1920).

36
Q

Explain women’s rights before the 1920s?

A

Women could not vote

37
Q

Explain women’s rights during the 1920s?

A

In 1920 women won the right to vote.

38
Q

A DIVIDED SOCIETY

A

A DIVIDED SOCIETY

39
Q

The TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT argued that the health of children was at risk and that ________ was destroying family life

A

Alcohol

40
Q

The prohibition movement had powerful support. A national ban was introduced by…? (Name and year)

A

The VOLSTEAD ACT of 1920

41
Q

Prohibition reduced alcohol consumption but only by…? (%)

A

30%

42
Q

In some states, the law was widely ignored, particularly in the cities. The government appointed…?

A

ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS (they had little success)

43
Q

Despite the ban, it was easy to find ___________ (secret illegal bars) in cities.

A

Speakeasies

44
Q

These were supplied by…?

A

Bootleggers

45
Q

What did bootleggers do?

A

They smuggled alcohol into the USA (often from Canada)

46
Q

Where was gang warfare most common?

A

Chicago

47
Q

Who was the most famous gangster?

A

Al Capone

48
Q

Where was there the most racism in America?

A

The South

49
Q

Who else did African American people have to fear other than white people?

A

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

50
Q

Between 19__ and 19__, ____ African-Americans were lynched

A

Between 1919 and 1925, 300 African-Americans were lynched

51
Q

By 19__ there were _____________ members of the KKK

A

By 1925 there were 4.5 million members of the KKK

52
Q

Fear of immigrants and their political impact meant that _______ were introduced.

A

Fear of immigrants and their political impact meant that quotas were introduced.

53
Q

by 1924 the USA was accepting __________ per year as opposed to __________ before 1914

A

by 1924 the USA was accepting 150,000 per year as opposed to 500,000 before 1914

54
Q

There was no integration because…

A

Immigrants often lived in the same area.

55
Q

People invested in the stock market because…

A

They believed the economy would keep growing, so share prices would keep rising.

56
Q

__________ borrowed money from banks to buy shares in hope they would gain the money back quickly.

A

Speculators borrowed money from banks to buy shares in hope they would gain the money back quickly.

57
Q

When did the stock market crash?

A

Autumn 1929

58
Q

Simplified, what was the Wall Street Crash?

A

Prices started to drop so people tried to sell their shares. Prices plunged. Speculators couldn’t repay money they borrowed to buy shares

59
Q

People relied on…

A

Soup kitchens

60
Q

In 1923, 238 people were admitted to New York hospitals suffering from severe…

A

Malnutrition

61
Q

Demand for food went down at home and abroad. American exports fell from $__ billion in 1929 to $__ billion in 19__.

A

Demand for food went down at home and abroad. American exports fell from $10 billion in 1929 to $3 billion in 1932.

62
Q

More than _________ farmers ___________ to the west coast to look for work, but there was very little there for them.

A

More than 2.5 million farmers migrated to the west coast to look for work, but there was very little there for them.

History🌍 (3 decks)

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