America 1920-1973

Question 1

Why was American society known as the ‘melting pot’ in the 1920’s?

Answer 1

Because people from all over the world went to America for the American dream, and they were all mixed together.

Question 2

Why is LACK PANTS significant to America in the 1920s?

Answer 2

It is a combination of reasons that helped contribute to the Boom in America

Question 3

THE ECONOMIC BOOM

Answer 3

THE ECONOMIC BOOM

Question 4

Why was the economy booming again by 1923 after the war and after the depression?

Answer 4

The boost of Republican Presidents policies

Question 5

What does Laissez faire mean?

Answer 5

Republicans left businesses alone as much as possible to make as much profit as possible.

Question 6

What made America very rich by 1918?

Answer 6

America exported weapons and food to Europe during the First World War this is made American companies rich

Question 7

What are Tariffs?

Answer 7

• A type of tax on imports
• Goods built and made in America were cheaper
• This encouraged people to buy American, boosting American industries hugely

Question 8

What happened to taxes in comparison to peoples wages?

Answer 8

• Wages increased but taxes stayed low

- People had more money to spend on American goods, increasing sales and boosting profits and the economy even more

Question 9

Who benefitted the most short term because of the boost?

Answer 9

Businessmen (as company profits increased)

Question 10

During the early 1920s the economy grew because of increased sales of CONSUMER ITEMS such as…?

Answer 10

Radios, vacuum cleaners and washing machines

Question 11

Consumer items was driven by what four main factors?

Answer 11

Mass production, Tariffs, Advertising and Credit

Question 12

What is mass production

Answer 12

Goods were made on a large scale. This meant consumer goods could be made much cheaper.

Question 13

How was advertising used?

Answer 13

New advertising techniques were used. Newspapers ran adverts persuading people they needed the new products.

Question 14

What was credit used for?

Answer 14

The real secrets of the boom were HIRE PURCHASE and CREDIT. People didn’t need to have the money at the time they waned to purchase a car or a radio.

Question 15

The increased confidence also encouraged some people to invest in the…?

Answer 15

STOCK MARKET

Question 16

Who created the first production and mass production (and when)?

Answer 16

Henry Ford, 1913

Question 17

In 1927 one car was produced every…?

Answer 17

Ten seconds

Question 18

Short term who suffered the most because of the economic boom

Answer 18

Farmers and mainly lower class people

Question 19

Why was it that farmers suffered the most in the 1920s?

Answer 19

After WW1 demand for food fell dramatically

Question 20

What happened to workers in old industries

Answer 20

They lost there jobs

Question 21

New technology and new materials replaced workers in the ______ and ________ industries

Answer 21

Coal and textiles

Question 22

What groups of people were most likely to be unemployed in the 1920s?

Answer 22

African-American, Hispanics and immigrant groups

Question 23

The ____________ approach of the Republicans meant they did very little to help the poor.

Answer 23

Laissez-faire

Question 24

What did the Republicans believe would happen if they left poor people alone?

Answer 24

The situation would sort itself out

Question 25

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE 1920s

Answer 25

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE 1920s

Question 26

Many young people rejected traditional values because of changes in __________, ______, _______ and ________.

Answer 26

Technology, music, dance and fashion

Question 27

Average wages rose by?

Answer 27

11.1%

Question 28

Average working hours fell by?

Answer 28

Five hours a week

Question 29

Who was most likely to experience these changes?

Answer 29

People living in cities

Question 30

What were the new forms of entertainment?

Answer 30

Radio, cinema, jazz and sport

Question 31

URBAN WOMEN’S FREEDOM

Answer 31

URBAN WOMEN’S FREEDOM

Question 32

What did women dress And behave like before the 1920s?

Answer 32

- Wear restrictive clothing - No makeup - Had to behave politely

Question 33

Explain women in the 1920s?

Answer 33

FLAPPERS were young urban women who cut there hair short, wore less restricting clothes and smoked in public.

Question 34

Explain women’s work before the 1920s?

Answer 34

There were few paid jobs for middle class women. Unmarried women often worked as teachers or secretaries, married women were expected to stay home.

Question 35

Explain women’s work during the 1920s?

Answer 35

WW1 challenged the views on women working. By 1929, there were 10 million women in paid work (24% more than in 1920).

Question 36

Explain women’s rights before the 1920s?

Answer 36

Women could not vote

Question 37

Explain women’s rights during the 1920s?

Answer 37

In 1920 women won the right to vote.

Question 38

A DIVIDED SOCIETY

Answer 38

A DIVIDED SOCIETY

Question 39

The TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT argued that the health of children was at risk and that ________ was destroying family life

Answer 39

Alcohol

Question 40

The prohibition movement had powerful support. A national ban was introduced by...? (Name and year)

Answer 40

The VOLSTEAD ACT of 1920

Question 41

Prohibition reduced alcohol consumption but only by...? (%)

Answer 41

30%

Question 42

In some states, the law was widely ignored, particularly in the cities. The government appointed...?

Answer 42

ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS (they had little success)

Question 43

Despite the ban, it was easy to find ___________ (secret illegal bars) in cities.

Answer 43

Speakeasies

Question 44

These were supplied by...?

Answer 44

Bootleggers

Question 45

What did bootleggers do?

Answer 45

They smuggled alcohol into the USA (often from Canada)

Question 46

Where was gang warfare most common?

Answer 46

Chicago

Question 47

Who was the most famous gangster?

Answer 47

Al Capone

Question 48

Where was there the most racism in America?

Answer 48

The South

Question 49

Who else did African American people have to fear other than white people?

Answer 49

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Question 50

Between 19__ and 19__, ____ African-Americans were lynched

Answer 50

Between 1919 and 1925, 300 African-Americans were lynched

Question 51

By 19__ there were _____________ members of the KKK

Answer 51

By 1925 there were 4.5 million members of the KKK

Question 52

Fear of immigrants and their political impact meant that _______ were introduced.

Answer 52

Fear of immigrants and their political impact meant that quotas were introduced.

Question 53

by 1924 the USA was accepting __________ per year as opposed to __________ before 1914

Answer 53

by 1924 the USA was accepting 150,000 per year as opposed to 500,000 before 1914

Question 54

There was no integration because...

Answer 54

Immigrants often lived in the same area.

Question 55

People invested in the stock market because...

Answer 55

They believed the economy would keep growing, so share prices would keep rising.

Question 56

__________ borrowed money from banks to buy shares in hope they would gain the money back quickly.

Answer 56

Speculators borrowed money from banks to buy shares in hope they would gain the money back quickly.

Question 57

When did the stock market crash?

Answer 57

Autumn 1929

Question 58

Simplified, what was the Wall Street Crash?

Answer 58

Prices started to drop so people tried to sell their shares. Prices plunged. Speculators couldn’t repay money they borrowed to buy shares

Question 59

People relied on...

Answer 59

Soup kitchens

Question 60

In 1923, 238 people were admitted to New York hospitals suffering from severe...

Answer 60

Malnutrition

Question 61

Demand for food went down at home and abroad. American exports fell from $__ billion in 1929 to $__ billion in 19__.

Answer 61

Demand for food went down at home and abroad. American exports fell from $10 billion in 1929 to $3 billion in 1932.

Question 62

More than _________ farmers ___________ to the west coast to look for work, but there was very little there for them.

Answer 62

More than 2.5 million farmers migrated to the west coast to look for work, but there was very little there for them.