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History > America 1920-1973 > Flashcards

America 1920-1973 Flashcards

1
Q

when did the US join WWI?

A

1917

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2
Q

how many homes had electricity in the 1920s?

A

70% by 1927

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3
Q

tariffs in the 1920s

A

Fordney McCUmber

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4
Q

first assembly line year

A

1913

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5
Q

car production in the 1920s

A

by 1927, 1 car was produced every 10 seconds

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6
Q

how many cars in the 1920s?

A

26 million by 1929

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7
Q

farm income in the 1920s

A

dropped to $13 billion in 1928

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8
Q

How did traditional industries suffer?

A

coal was replaced by oil and electricity

wool suffered from domestic competition

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9
Q

1920s stock market popularity

A

20 million people owned shares by 1929

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10
Q

Hoover on the stock market

A

near to the ‘final triumph’

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11
Q

how many people watched the heavyweight final in 1927?

A

60 million

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12
Q

NBC earnings in the 1920s

A

$150 million per year

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13
Q

how many people went to the cinema weekly in the 1920s?

A

100 million

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14
Q

women and jobs in the 1920s

A

10.5 million women were working by 1929

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15
Q

what were supporters of temperance called?

A

dries

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16
Q

Volstead Act year

A

1920

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17
Q

what was the 18th amendment and when?

A
  1. limited manufacture and sales of alcohol
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18
Q

original impact of prohibition

A

consumption fell by 30%

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19
Q

name 2 famous prohibition agents

A

Isadore Einstein and Moe Smith

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20
Q

gangs and alcohol

A

mad $2 billion

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21
Q

who was mayor of Chicago?

A

William Hale Thompson

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22
Q

what was the AAPA?

A

association against prohibition amendment

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23
Q

when was prohibition repealed?

A

1933

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24
Q

why did people immigrate to America?

A

cheap farmland
high living standard
persecution in Europe
the American dream

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25
Q

first immigration law

A

1917: literacy test

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26
Q

second immigration law

A

1921 Immigration quota law. 350 000 people

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27
Q

third immigration law

A

1924 national origins act 150 000 people

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28
Q

how many African Americans were lynched in 1921?

A

61

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29
Q

explain the development of the KKK

A

1915: Birth of a Nation
1925: 5 million members

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30
Q

KKK leader

A

Hiram Wesley Evans

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31
Q

which KKK member was convicted of rape and when?

A

David Stephenson in 1925

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32
Q

give 4 reasons for the Red Scare

A

1.5 million Russian Immigrants
1919 American communist party
Palmer bomb with communist paper ‘Plain Words’ next to bomber
in 1901 and anarchist shot McKinley

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33
Q

effects of the Red Scare

A

Palmer Raids arrested 6000 people

trade unionism fell

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34
Q

Sacco and Vanzetti timeline

A

1921: arrested
23 August 1927: electrocuted
1977: formal pardon

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35
Q

when was Black Thursday and what happened?

A

24 October 1929. 13 million shares sold

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36
Q

when was Black Tuesday?

A

29 October 1929. 16 million shares were sold. $8 billion was lost.

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37
Q

employment due to the Depression

A

13 million by 1932

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38
Q

Hoover’s response to the Depression

A

Reconstruction Finance Corporation
cut taxes by $130 million
Hawley-Smoot tariff
only $30 million out of 300 was given out

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39
Q

when was the Bonus Army MArch?

A
  1. 25 000 ex-soldiers marched
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40
Q

what were the 3 Rs?

A

relief, recovery, reform

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41
Q

FDRs victory

A
  1. voted by 42 out of 48 states.
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42
Q

FDR’s 2 immediate changes

A

Economy ACt: cut government salaries by 15% saving $1 billion
Beer Act

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43
Q

list the 5 alphabet agencies

A 
TVA
NRA
AAA
CCC
PWA
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44
Q

what was the TVA?

A

Tennessee valley authority. flood control and building dams.

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45
Q

what was the NRA?

A

national recovery administration. fair working conditions

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46
Q

what was the AAA?

A

agricultural adjustment act. reducing farm production.

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47
Q

what was the CCC?

A

civilian conservation crops. employed 2.5 million men between 18 and 25

48
Q

what was the PWA?

A

public works administration. constructed schools

49
Q

what was the second new deal?

A

Workers progress administration: employed people to build schools
national labour relations act (Wagner act)- improve relations between workers and employees

50
Q

when was the second new deal launched?

A

1935-36

51
Q

Huey long criticism

A

‘share our wealth’ distribute $5 million

52
Q

Francis Townsend crticism

A

retire at 60

53
Q

Charles Coughlin criticism

A

a priest who promised to nationalise the banks

54
Q

name 1930s jazz artists

A

Duke Ellington and Glenn MIller

55
Q

how many people attended the cinema each week in the 1930s?

A

60 million

56
Q

when did superman comics begin?

A

1938

57
Q

explain America’s involvement in WW2

A 
Neutrality Act 1935
1937 Quarantine Speech
1939 changed law
November 1939: cash and carry
7 December 1941 Pearl Harbour
58
Q

extent of lend lease

A

$7000 million

59
Q

how many men were killed at Pearl Harbour?

A

2000

60
Q

impact of war manufacturing

A 
War Production Board
produced 96 000 planes in 1944
unemployment was only 670 000
7 million women found jobs
350 000 joined the armed forces
1 million AA fought
61
Q

what was the FEPC?

A

fair employment practice committee

found discrimination in work

62
Q

positive impacts of WW2 (3)

A

increase to 20% GNP on military
increased rights for AA
increased faith in the government

63
Q

TV in the 1950s

A

9 out of 10 houses

64
Q

US strength in the 1950s

A

by 1952 US supplied most of the world’s goods

40% population increase

65
Q

who introduced the Fair Deal and what were the aims?

A

Truman.

poverty and rights of AA

66
Q

Truman and minimum wage

A

40c to 75c

67
Q

when did Eisenhower become president?

A

1952

68
Q

struggles of the elderly in the 1950s

A

68% of people over 65 earned less than $1000 a year

69
Q

women after WW2

A

salaries fell to 53% that of men

marriage age was the youngest since 1850

70
Q

average teenage spending

A

1957: $10-15 a week
1959: $25 billion

71
Q

Presley popularity

A

80 top selling albums

1956 performance watched by 82% of Americns

72
Q

TV in the 1950s

A

83% of homes owned

dominated by commercial sponsors

73
Q

reasons for the second Red Scare

A

the Ussr emerged as a Nuclear Superpower
containment was failing- china was communist
Rosenbergs were electrocuted and Alger Hiss was accused.

74
Q

what was congress’s response to the 2nd Red SCare?

A

HUAC- house committee of un-american activities

75
Q

what was McCarthy’s claim?

A

200 communists working for the government . a 5 year ‘witch hunt’ followed

76
Q

examples of losses due to McCarthyism

A

Chaplin had to leave America

the Hollywood 10

77
Q

who was Clemson King?

A

black student committed to an asylum for applying to the University of Mississippi

78
Q

5 examples of racial prejudice

A

Jim Crow laws
intimidation
law officers took part
employment

79
Q

Mississippi voting stats

A

only 5% registered

80
Q

black teachers stat

A

white teachers earned 30% more

81
Q

who was the judge in Brown v Board of Education Topeka?

A

Chief Justice Earl Warren

82
Q

when was Brown v Board of Education of Topeka

A

1954

83
Q

explain the little rock 9

A

september 1957. Orval Faubus sent National guard soldiers. Eisenhower sent state troops.

84
Q

was Brown v Board success?

A

by 1956, 6 southern states still did not have integrated schools
Mississippi formed a white council
by 1962, Alabama, South Carolina and Mississippi still did not have balck students in the same schools

85
Q

when did the civil rights movement begin?

A

1 December 1955

86
Q

who organised the bus boycott?

A

the MIA- Montgomery Improvement Association, led by King

87
Q

impact of bus boycott

A

company lost 65% of income

88
Q

end of bus boycott

A

December 1956, supreme court ruled bus segregation illegal

89
Q

3 groups in response to the boycott

A

SCLC: Southern Christian Leadership Conference
SNCC: student non-violent coordinating committee
CORE: congress of racial equality by James Farmer

90
Q

when and who began sit-ins?

A

the SNCC in 1960

91
Q

increase of students in sit-ins

A

4, 23, 400

92
Q

impact of sit ins

A

desegregated in 126 cities

500 students organised a sit-in in Nashville. expelled. teachers threatened to leave.

93
Q

when and who began freedom rides?

A

CORE in May 1961. the SNCC joined.

94
Q

who was John Patterson?

A

mayor of Alabama. refused to protect freedom riders.

95
Q

when was the Lincoln Square March?

A

August 1963. over 200 000 people.

96
Q

SNCC shift to radicalism

A

Stokely Carmichael took over in 1966.

97
Q

Black Panther violence

A

killed 9 police officers between 1967 and 1969

98
Q

pros of black power

A

spread a message of disillusionment

99
Q

cons of black power

A

alienated supporters
responsible for race riots
police could crack down

100
Q

first civil rights act

A

2 July 1964. illegal to discriminate in public

101
Q

impact of 1964 CIvil Rights Act

A

in the 20 months that followed, 430 000 aa registered to vote

102
Q

Selma voting stats

A

only 2.4% registered to vote

103
Q

second act signed by Johnson

A

voting rights act 1965. ended literacy tests.

104
Q

third act signed by Johnson

A

civil rights act of 1968. houses could not be sold on the basis of race, religion or sex.

105
Q

when was King assassinated?

A

1968

106
Q

another name for Civil rights act of 1968

A

fair housing act

107
Q

successes of Kennedy’s new frontier

A 
more jobs for aa
created the CEEO
made $800 million available
increased minimum wage to $1.29
social security
peace corps
108
Q

failures of Kennedy’s new frontier

A

CEEO did not actively find jobs
high tech replaced workers
congress denied medicare

109
Q

policies of LBJ

A 
operation headstart
increased minimum wage to $1.40
housing act
VISTA
job corps
medicare
immigration act
110
Q

what did the Status commission of 1963 report?

A

women earned 60% less than men
95% of managers were men
7% of doctors were women

111
Q

when was the Feminine Mystique published?

A

1963

112
Q

when was the equal pay act?

A

1963

113
Q

what was ERA?

A

it was going to correct the exceptions in the equal pay act but Phyllis Schlafly prevented this.

114
Q

hen was NOW set up?

A
  1. 40 000 members.
115
Q

contraception changes

A

legal in 1972 for unmarried women

116
Q

Abortion

A

legalised in 1973 Roe v Wade

History (2 decks)

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