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America Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the significance of the plessy vs ferguson case

A

It upheld louisiana state law that allowed for equal but seperated accomodation for the white and coloured races

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2
Q

What were the Jim Crow laws

A

State and local laws introduced in mostly southern states which forced racial segregation

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3
Q

When were the jim crow laws introduced

A

Late 19th and 20th century

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4
Q

What is segregation

A

Seperation of people based on features, race, religion etc.

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5
Q

Why did the civil rights movement grow in the 1950s

A

-better education
-television
-growth of cities

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6
Q

What does the NAACP stand for

A

National Association for the Advancement of Coloured people

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7
Q

When was the NAACP set up

A

1909

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8
Q

What were the NAACP’s main aims

A

Campaigned for integration and to overthrow plessy vs ferguson

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9
Q

NAACP’s main tactics

A

Provided evidence that facilities were not equal

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10
Q

What does CORE stand for and when was it set up

A

Congress Of Racial Equality, 1940

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11
Q

What date was Rosa Parks arrested

A

1st of december 1955

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12
Q

Why was Rosa Parks arrested

A

She refused to give up her seat to a white man on a bus

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13
Q

What was the montgomery bus boycott

A

The boycott of buses in montgomery due to the racial injustice such as Rosa Parks arrest

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14
Q

How long did the montgomery bus boycott last

A

From the 5th of December 1955 to December the 20th 1956

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15
Q

Who worked for the NAACP

A

Rosa Parks

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16
Q

When was segregation abolished in schools

A

1954

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17
Q

What was the name of the court case which made racial segregation illegal

A

Brown vs board of education

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18
Q

what did the browder vs gayle change and when

A

It ended bus segregation, 1956

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19
Q

What is so significant about the murder of Emmet Till

A

A black boy who was falsely accused and then murdered by two white men. So bad the only way they could tell it was him was via dental records

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20
Q

What did Emmet Tills parents do at his funeral

A

Left an open casket to spread awareness and to show how bad it was

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21
Q

What was the little rock 9

A

9 black students who were meant to attend a previously segregated school were denied entrance by an angry mob of white parents and civilians. Federal troops got involved

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22
Q

What year did the little rock highschool crisis happen

A

1957

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23
Q

What were the first greensboro sit in and when did it happen

A

4 black students refused to give up seats to black students students at lunch, 1960

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24
Q

What were the freedom rides and when did they happen.

A

Protests against segregated buses in the south. Blacks and whites joined in protesting together

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25
Q

What did James Meredith do and when

A

Enrolled at university in 1962

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26
Q

Why was what James Meredith do so significant

A

He was the first black African American to study at Mississipi university-he was guarded 24 hours a day

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27
Q

What was the Campaign C Birmingham Alabama and when did it happen

A

Protests to overturn the strict segregation rules and to get awareness of what was happening

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28
Q

What was the march on washington and when did it happen

A

A march which advocated for civil rights and economic rights of African Americans

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29
Q

What were the civil rights act and when did it happen

A

Laws which made it illegal to discriminate based on race, colour, religion, sex or national origin.

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30
Q

Who was Malcom X

A

A black activist

31
Q

When was Malcom X assassinated

A

1965

32
Q

What was the selma to montgomery and when did it happen

A

Marhches along the 54-mile highway from selma to montgomery which protested voting rights for African Americans, 1965

33
Q

What was the voting rights act and when did it happen

A

It prohibited racial discrimination in voting, 1965

34
Q

Who were the black panthers and when did it get set up

A

It was a black power political organisation which was set up in 1966

35
Q

What was the Kerner report and when did it happen

A

It examined the racial unrest in American cities, 1968

36
Q

What did two American runners do at the mexico olympics

A

Black power salut on the podium

37
Q

What year did china become communist

A

1949

38
Q

What percentof France’s war with Vietnam were the USA paying for

A

80%

39
Q

Why were the USA spending so much to support the French

A

They wanted to contain communism and fear indochina would become fully communist

40
Q

When was the battle of Dien Bien Phu

A

1954

41
Q

What was Dien Bien Phu

A

A mountaineous area which the French fortified and sent 16000 men to they dropped in supplies

42
Q

What was the problem with dropping in supplies

A

It was difficult to parachute the supplies into the area where the french were so the supplies were picked up by the Vietminh

43
Q

What was stage one of the vietminh’s attack on Dien Bien Phu

A

Bombardment of the French base

44
Q

What was stage two of the Vietminh’s attack on Dien Bien Phu

A

Attacking the French base and disrupting supply lines

45
Q

What was stage three of the Vietminh’s attack on Dien Bien Phu

A

One final all out attack which wiped out the French troops

46
Q

What advantage did the Vietminh have

A

They knew the area better than the french

47
Q

What is a domino effect

A

Once one thing happens lots of things linked to it happens as well

48
Q

What was the ARVN

A

The south Vietnamese army

49
Q

What does SEATO stand for

A

South East Asia Treaty Organisation

50
Q

Why did Diem make America increase involvement in Vietnam

A

Diem was a bad ruler who rigged elections, and hunted down Vietminh members

51
Q

Why was it a problem that Diem was hated

A

America feared that he could of got overthrown and a communist could of taken charge

52
Q

What is pacification

A

Winning over the ‘hearts and minds’ of the local population so they don’t support guerillas

53
Q

What is a counter-insurgency

A

Fighting guerillas both by winning the support of the local population

54
Q

What were strategic hamlets

A

Large guarded villages with facilities such as schools so the vietcong couldn’t recruit villagers

55
Q

Why did the strategic hamlets not work

A

They did not provide enough food and villagers were reluctant to move due

56
Q

How did foreign aid make the vietcong more of a threat

A

China and the USSR provided ammunition, weapons and troops

57
Q

How did local support make the Vietcong more of a threat

A

Vietcong won local support with propaganda

58
Q

How did time make the Vietcong more of a threat

A

It was their country and it didn’t matter how long it took to win

59
Q

What and when was the gulf of Tonkin incident

A

Two American ships fired at Vietnamese torpedo boats and sunk two Vietnamese boats.

60
Q

What happened due to the gulf of Tonkin incident

A

Congress passed the gulf of tonkin resolution

61
Q

What did the gulf of tonkin resolution mean

A

It gave Johnson “free reign” to do whatever he wanted with the military in Vietnam without congress

62
Q

Consequences of the gullf of tonkin incident

A

-The vietcong were urged to target Us bases
-on December 2nd 1964, fighting began in Binh Gia

63
Q

Advantages of US soldiers-tactic

A

Ground troops could now protect American air bases

64
Q

Disadvantages of US troops tactic

A

Draft was not popular and led to protests

65
Q

What was the Vietnamese tactic of hanging on to the belt

A

Staying so close to the Americans that using aircrafts would only kill there own troops

66
Q

What percentage of deaths in the Vietnam war were due to Vietnamese booby traps

A

11%

67
Q

What was the TET offensive

A

Surprise attacks on South Vietnam- the north vietnamese got into the US embassy and other places

68
Q

What impacts did the TET offensive have on America

A

-humiliation
-US politicians were growing anti war

69
Q

What was Vietnamisation

A

The gradual withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam while making it look honourable

70
Q

Why did Vietnamisation fail

A

Training was no longer funded by USA and the quality dropped

71
Q

How and why did America expand the war

A

They invaded Laos and Cambodia in 1970 to destroy the Ho Chi Minh trail (VC supply line)

72
Q

Who protested against the Vietnam war

A

Civil rights protestors, students, draft dodgers and Vietnamese Veterans

73
Q

What was the My Lai massacre

A

A mass murder committed by American troops on a Vietnamese village with women, children and old men. Everyone was killed and it was led by lieutenant Calley

History (3 decks)

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