Amblyopia Flashcards
Unilateral or less commonly, bilateral reduction of best corrected visual acuity that cannot be attributed directly to the effect of any structural abnormality of the eye or the posterior visual pathway. Defect of central vision.
Amblyopia
Nearly all amblyopic visual loss is preventable or _____________ with timely detection and appropriate intervention.
reversible
Children with amblyopia or at risk for amblyopia should be identified at a _________ when the prognosis for successful treatment is best.
young age
T OR F
Role of screening is important
T
Amblyopia is primarily a defect of ______ vision.
central
Classification of amblyopia
- Strabismic Amblyopia
- Anisometropic Amblyopia
- Amblyopia Due to bilateral high refractive error (isometropia)
- Stimulus Deprivation Amblyopia
The most common form of amblyopia
Strabismic Amblyopia
It develops when unequal refractive error in the two eyes causes the image on the one retina to be chronically defocused.
Anisometropic Amblyopia
is thought to result from competitive or inhibitory interaction between neurons carrying the nonfusible inputs from the two eyes.
Strabismic Amblyopia
Second in frequency
Anisometropic Amblyopia
Mild hyperopic or astigmatic anisometropia (1-2D)
mild amblyopia
T or F
Mild myopia anisometropia (less than -3D) usually does cause amblyopia
F
unilateral high myopia (-6D)
severe amblyopia visual loss.
result from large, approximately equal, uncorrected refractive error in both eyes of a young child.
isometropic amblyopia
• Uncorrected bilateral astigmatism in early childhood may result in loss of resolving ability limited to chronically blurred meridians.
Meridional amblyopia
It is usually caused by congenital or early acquired media opacity.
Stimulus Deprivation Amblyopia
This form of amblyopia is the least common but most damaging and difficult to treat
Stimulus Deprivation Amblyopia
In bilateral cases acuity can be _____ or worse.
20/200
may cause mild to moderate amblyopia or may have no effect on visual development.
Small polar cataracts & lamellar cataracts
is a form of deprivation caused by excessive therapeutic patching.
Occlusion amblyopia
a test for estimating the relative level of vision in the two eyes for children with strabismus who are under the age of about 3.
Binocular fixation pattern
The modified Snellen technique directly measures acuity in children ____ years old.
3-6
It may help alleviate this problem.
Crowding bar
Cataracts capable of producing amblyopia require surgery without unnecessary delay.
Cataract removal
In general, optical prescription for amblyopic eyes should correct the full refractive error as determined with cycloplegia.
Refractive correction
This form of treatment has recently been demonstrated to be as effective as patching for mild to moderate amblyopia.
Penalization
When amblyopia treatment is discontinued after fully or partially successful completion, approximately half of patients show some degree of ______
Recurrence
