Alzheimer's Disease

Question 1

Symptoms of alzheimers?

Answer 1

Dementia

Memory loss

Inability to learn or think clearly

Question 2

Cause?

Answer 2

Either low levels of Ach or high levels of glutamate

Question 3

How is it diagnosed?

Answer 3

Screening tool called mini mental state exam

If score is below 24 ➡️ memory disorder

Question 4

Natural products to increase memory?

Answer 4

Ginkgo biloba

Vitamin E

Question 5

Drugs used for alzheimers

Answer 5

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

NMDA receptor antagonists

Question 6

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 6

Donepezil

Galantamine

Rivastigmine

Tacrine

Question 7

Which Ach - ase inhibitors are competitive and which are noncompetitive?

Answer 7

Competitive: galantamine

Non-competitive: donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine

Question 8

Moa of galantamine

Answer 8

Competitive reversible inhibitor

Allosteric modulator at nicotinic receptors

Question 9

Tacrine is?

Answer 9

Hepatotoxic

Question 10

Adverse effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 10

Diarrhea

Muscle cramps

Tremors

Bradycardia

N&V

Question 11

Which drugs are used in mild alzheimers and which are used for moderate and severe?

Answer 11

Mild: Ach inhibitors (donepezil)

Moderate and severe: nmda receptor antagonists (memantine)

Question 12

Nmda receptor antagonist?

Answer 12

Memantine

Phencyclidine

Question 13

Memantine moa?

Answer 13

Physically blocks nmda receptor associated ion channel and limits influx of calcium into neuron

Question 14

Phencyclidine is?

Answer 14

Psychotoxic and not used anymore