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Ohe > Alveolar Bone > Flashcards

Alveolar Bone Flashcards

1
Q

Specialized mineralized CT. Composed of intercellular substance and osteocytes

A

Alveolar bone

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2
Q

67%

A

Inorganic; hydroxyapatite

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3
Q

33%

A

Organic

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4
Q

28%

A

Collagenous

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5
Q

5%

A

Non collagenous

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6
Q

Alveolar bone can best resist

A
  1. Compressive forces

2. Forces directed along long axis of the tooth

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7
Q

Alveolar bone can least resist

A
  1. Tensile strength

2. Shear stresses

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8
Q

Function of alveolar bone

A
  1. Support and protection
  2. Attachment of muscles
  3. Reservoir of minerals
  4. Hemopoiesis- formation of blood cells
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9
Q
  • Portion of jaw bone that contains the teeth
A

Alveolar process

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10
Q
  • Rest on basal bone
A

Alveolar process

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11
Q 
- Proper development of alveolar process is dependent on tooth eruption and its maintenance of
tooth retention(residual ridge- no teeth process)
A

Alveolar process

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12
Q

Composed of an outer and inner cortical plate of compact bone that enclose the spongiosa-
compartment of spongy bone also called as TRABECULAR or CANCELLOUS BONE

A

Alveolar process

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13
Q
  • Lines the alveolus

- Thin plate of cortical bone with perforations (cribriform plate)

A

Alveolar bone proper

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14
Q
  • Surrounds each tooth as continuous thin plate of compact bone
  • Becomes fused with indistinguishable from the cortical plate of the Alveolar process in
    some areas
A

Alveolar bone proper

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15
Q
  • The coronal rim of the alveolar bone

- parallel to CEJ at a distance of 1-2mm apical to it

A

Alveolar crest

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16
Q
  • corresponds to alveolar bone proper
  • thin white line that is parallel to the outline of the roots of the teeth - radiographic representation of alveolar bone proper
A

Lamina dura

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17
Q
  • Active mononucleated nucleus
  • Function: formation of cells
  • Derived from mesenchymal stem cells
A

Osteoblast

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18
Q

Osteoblast synthesize what

A

a. Type I and IV collagen

b. Cytokines and growth factors – BMP “bone morphogenic factor”

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19
Q
  • Entrapped osteoblast in the lacunae
  • Number varies depending on the capacity of bone formation - Active in bone remodeling
  • Found within matrix of bone
  • Surviving cells and functional
  • Function: to prevent hyper mineralization of bone
A

Osteocytes

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20
Q

limited resorption in lacuna and canals

A

Osteolysis

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21
Q

secondary rebuilding of perilacunar bone mineral

** after bone formation: it loses its ability to form matrix and becomes smaller
** occupies osteocytic lacuna and 2 canaliculi- maintain contact with adjacent osteocytes
and osteoblast/ lining cells
** nutrition is not a problem

A

Osteoplasia

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22
Q

Big multinucleated cells found inside the howships lacuna

- Migration to PDL is not normal

A

Osteoclast

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23
Q
  • Can be seen at the surface attached to bone
  • where acid and proteolytic enzymes( acids destroy inorganic component) exit
  • Organelle- poor brush-like cytoplastic border w/c demarcates the zone of resorption
A

Ruffled border

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24
Q

Sequence of resorption events

A
  1. Attachment of osteoclast to bone
  2. Create sealed environment
  3. Releases acids to demineralized the hard tissue
  4. Organic matrix is degradated by secretion of proteolytic enzymes
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25
Q

Dense outer sheet of bone with closely packed layers

A

Compact bone

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26
Q

Encloses the entire bone forming its outer and inner perimeter

A

Circumferential lamellae

27
Q

Makes up the bulk of compact bone

- Form the basic metabolic unit of bone – osteon

A

Concentric lamellae

28
Q

wide haversian canals, relatively young

A

Osteon HS1

29
Q

small haversian canal, more mature

** more mature, becomes smaller

A

Osteon HS2

30
Q

Between concentric lamellae
- Fragments of pre-existing concentric lamel-
lae from osteons mature during remodeling

A

Interstital lamellae

31
Q

connective membrane sur- rounding compact bone

A

Periosteon

32
Q

next to the bone surface, w/ bone cells and precursors

A

Inner layer

33
Q

more fibrous, gives rise to sharpey’s fiber

A

Outer layer

34
Q

covers the internal surface of compact and
spongy bone.
- Not well demarcated
- Loose CT with osteogenic cells
- Physically separates the bone surface from
the marrow w/n

A

Endosteon

35
Q

3 spongy bone

A
  1. Trabecular- cancellous bone
  2. Lamellae of bone arranged in flattened PAPILLA
  3. Surrounds narrow spaces containing bone marrow- fat cells, RBC
36
Q
  • Outside wall of mandibular and maxillary
  • Continuous with alveolar bone proper at alveolar crest
  • More pronounced, thicker in areas of mandible than maxilla
  • Generally greater on lingual
A

Cortical plate

37
Q
  • contains osteons and interstitial lamellae
  • with bundle bone ➡ with several layers of bone parallel to the surface of the bone penetrated by
    sharpey’s fibers
  • found in areas of recent bone apposition - with lines of rest
A

Alveolar bone

38
Q

spongy bone between : 2 bony plates

  • alveolar bone proper of adjacent teeth/roots
  • more in maxillary than mandible
  • trajectories represents planes or lines of stress
A

Spongiosa

39
Q

maxilllary tuberosity - angle of mandible **thick lingual surface

A

Hematopietic marrow

40
Q

3 mechanism of bine formation

A
  1. Endochondral/Intracartilaginous bone formation
  2. Intramembranous bone formation
  3. Sutural bone growth
41
Q

cartilage formation➡ cartilage removed➡ substituted by bone

Occurs by substitution rather than transformation (resorption of cartilage than bone deposition)

Occurs in the condyle

A

Endochondral bone formation

42
Q

bone develops directly from fibrous tissue

Mesenchymal cells differentiates into osteoblasts

Maxilla, body of mandible and cranium

A

Intramembranous ossification

43
Q

Function of sutures: accommodates growth of organs such as brain and eyes

A

Structural bone growth

44
Q
  • cartilage of the first branchial arch
  • Supports the developing mandible but does not con-
    tribute to it
  • 2 bilateral cartilages from the otic capsule to midline
    but do not meet (mesial to developing mandible -
    rod)
  • (Area of canine)
A

Meckel’s cartilage

45
Q

intramembranous ossification begins here, form- ing the first bone of the mandible (embryonic period)

A

7th week

46
Q

rudimentary mandible is formed by in- tramembranous ossification

A

10th week

47
Q

Fate of meckel’s cartilage

A
  1. Incus of inner ear
  2. Malleus of inner ear
  3. Sphenomalleolar ligament
  4. Sphenomandibular ligament
48
Q

12th week

A

Condylar cartilage

49
Q
  • 4th month; transient
A

Coronoid cartilage

50
Q

between meckel’s cartilage; obliterated within 1st year after birth

A

Symphysial cartilage

51
Q

incremental lines (parallel)

A

Cementing lines

52
Q

new bone layer and resorption (scalloped)

A

Reversal line

53
Q

basophilic substance on surface of inactive bone.

A

Aplastic line

54
Q

bone layer from inactive old bone

A

Resting line

55
Q

thicker trabeculae, smaller marrow spaces.

A

Increased function

56
Q

thin trabeculae, wider marrow spaces.

A

Decreased function

57
Q

Tooth movement

A
  1. Pressure side -

2. Tension side -

58
Q

resorption of bone

A

Pressure side

59
Q

deposition of bone

A

Tension side

60
Q

After tooth extraction, embryonic bone forms within the socket.

A

Residual ridge

61
Q

important diagnostic landmark

- Radiographic presentation

A

Lamina dura

62
Q

bone resorbs locally, creating a window through which the root can be seen.

A

Fenestration (hole)

63
Q
  • the rim of bone between the fenestration and the alveolar crest disappears altogether.
A

Dehiscence

64
Q

Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland.

Disturbance in condylar growth

A

Acromegaly

Ohe (2 decks)

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