Altitude

Question 1

Predicted % decline in VO2 max with altitude

Answer 1

= ((altitude in ft -5000)/1000) * 3.2

Question 2

Immediate adaptations to altitude hypoxia

Answer 2

Hyperventilation 
body fluids become more alkaline 
increased sub max HR 
increased submax Cardiac Output 
SV decreases slightly 
Maximum cardiac output remains same or slightly lower

Question 3

Long-term adaptations to altitude hypoxia

Answer 3

hyperventilation
Excretion of base via the kidney with reduced alkaline reserve
sub maximal heart remains elevated
sub max cardiac output falls to or below sea-level stoke volume lowers
Maximum cardiac output lowers
decreased plasma volume, increased hematocrit, increased hemoglobin concentrations, increase total number of red blood cells, possible increased capillarization of skeletal muscle, increase 2,3-DPG, increased mitochondria,increased aerobic enzymes

Question 4

Four considerations for altitude training

Answer 4

-Altitude higher than 1700 (5700ft)
live high 2500m train low 1250m
-Training intensity: detraining and over training is a risk
-Length 3-4 weeks
-modify diet
increased caloric energy expenditure at rest and dehydration

Question 5

During sub maximal and maximal aerobic exercise, hyperoxic breathing can…

Answer 5

enhance performance

NOTE: no benefit of hyperoxic breathing during recovery from exercise