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Bot Med I > Alteratives > Flashcards

Alteratives Flashcards

1
Q

Trifolium pratense

Family:

A

Fabaceae

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2
Q

Trifolium pratense

Part Used:

A

Flower

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3
Q

Trifolium pratense

Energetics

A

Cooling

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4
Q

Trifolium pratense

Actions

A

Alterative, Antitumor, Antitussive, Antispasmodic, Phytoestrogenic

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5
Q

Trifolium pratense:

Common name

A

Red Clover

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6
Q

Trifolium pratense:

Contraindications

A

Cautions/Contraindications:
•Caution with blood thinners (But unlikely to be a problem)
•Caution with oral contraceptives and estrogen positive cancers.

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7
Q

Arctium lappa

Common name

A

Burdock, Gobo Root

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8
Q

Arctium lappa

Family

A

Asteraceae

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9
Q

Arctium lappa

Part (s) Used

A

Root (primarily) also the seed and leaf

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10
Q

Arctium lappa

Energetics

A

Cooling

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11
Q

Arctium lappa

Constituents : root

A

inulin, tannins, mucilage, vitamins and minerals, lignins, phytosterols.

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12
Q

Arctium lappa

Constituents: Seed

A

flavonoids, lignins, volatile oils, fixed oils.

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13
Q

Arctium lappa

Constituents: Leaves

A

terpenoids, inulin, tannins, mucilage, volatile oils.

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14
Q

Arctium lappa.

Actions: Root

A

alterative, mild digestive bitter, antitumor, antimutagenic, nutritive, antirheumatic, phytoestrogenic, liver tonic

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15
Q

Arctium lappa

Actions: Leaves

A

used topically as a antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory poultice

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16
Q

Arctium lappa

Actions: Seeds

A

alterative, diuretic, urinary tonic, vulnerary

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17
Q

Arctium lappa

Indications: Root.

A

dry and scaly skin conditions – psoriasis, eczema, dandruff, rheumatic/arthritic conditions, anorexia nervosa, cystitis, wounds and ulcers (poultice).

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18
Q

Arctium lappa

Indications: Leaves

A

mastitis, joint sprains (poultice)

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19
Q

Arctium lappa

Indications: Seeds

A

cystitis, skin conditions including exanthems

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20
Q

Arctium lappa

• Harvesting

A

– Roots can be dug in the spring or early Fall in the 2nd to 4th year.
– Seeds are collected in the fall of the second year.

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21
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Common name

A

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Oregon Grape

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22
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Family:

A

Berberidaceae

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23
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.)

Part Used

A

Root bark and stem bark

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24
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Energetics:

A

Cooling, drying

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25
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Constituents

A

isoquinoline alkaloids – berberine, hydrastine, oxycanthine

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26
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Actions

A

alterative, digestive bitter, anticatarrhal, antimicrobial, cholagogue, mild laxative.

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27
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.)

Specificity of Seat

A

Liver

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28
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.) Indications:

A

Skin conditions – psoriasis, eczema, herpes, pityriasis, acne, syphilis.

Poor gallbladder function – nausea, fat malabsorption, digestive upset

Infections: skin, eye, and intestinal tract (bacterial, fungal and protazoal)

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29
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.)

Contraindications

A

Pregnancy

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30
Q

Mahonia spp. (Berberis spp.)

Harvesting

A

– The root bark can be harvested mid-Summer through Winter. Strip the bark from the stem and roots with a knife when the root is fresh.

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31
Q

When is Berberine toxic?

A

When neonates have not yet switched from fetal Hgb to adult hgb

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32
Q

Rumex crispus

Common name

A

Yellow Dock

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33
Q

Rumex crispus

Family

A

Polygonaceae

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34
Q

Rumex crispus

Part Used

A

Root

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35
Q

Rumex crispus

Energetics

A

Cooling

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36
Q

Rumex crispus

Constituents

A

small amount of anthraquinone glycosides, tannins, oxalic acid, chyrosaphoric acid, iron, beta-carotene, volatile oil.

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37
Q

Rumex crispus

Actions

A

alterative, digestive bitter, nutritive (high in iron), cholagogue, mild laxative, GI tonic, calms irritation of the larynx in chronic cough.

38
Q

Rumex crispus

Specificity of Seat

A

Liver, GI, larynx

39
Q

Rumex crispus

Indications

A

Skin conditions (chronic) - psoriasis, eczema, acne

Lax bowels, constipation

Liver congestion

40
Q

Rumex crispus

Contraindications/Cautions

A

oxalate kidney stones, kidney disease, iron overload, pregnancy

41
Q

Rumex crispus

Harvesting

A

Harvest roots in the Fall.

42
Q

Rumex crispus leaves should not be eaten because they are high in oxalic acid, which does what?

A

oxalic acid chelates calcium in the blood.

43
Q

Urtica dioica

Common name

A

Stinging Nettle

44
Q

Urtica dioica

Family

A

Urticaceae

45
Q

Urtica dioica

Part(s) Used

A

Leaf, Root, Seed

46
Q

Urtica dioica

Energetics

A

Drying

47
Q

Urtica dioica

Constituents: Leaf

A

lots of vitamins and minerals, amino acids, organic acids, glucoquinines, flavonoids: isoquercetin, quercetin, rutin, kaempherol

48
Q

Urtica dioica

Constituents: Root

A

Isolectins, 3-beta-sistosterol, 3-D-glucoside, lignans, fatty acids, scopoletin, tannins, formic acid (on root hairs)

49
Q

Urtica dioica

Actions: Leaf

A

alterative, nutritive, anti-inflammatory, urinary tract tonic

50
Q

Urtica dioica

Actions: Root

A

astringent, anti-inflammatory, multiple influences of hormone transformation related to BPH

51
Q

Urtica dioica

Indications: Leaf

A

Skin conditions – chronic skin conditions - psoriasis, eczema, acne

52
Q

Urtica dioica

Indications: Root

A

BPH, diarrhea

53
Q

Urtica dioica

Contraindications/Cautions

A

Allergy to nettle.

54
Q

Urtica dioica

Indications: freeze-dried leaf

A

Allergic Rhinitis

55
Q

Which of these minerals does Urtica dioica NOT contain?

Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, K, P, Se, Na, Zn

A

Cu, Se

56
Q

Which Fat-soluble vitamins does Urtica dioica contain?

A

A, K

57
Q

Which B vitamins does Urtica dioica contain?

A

B1, B2, B3, B6, Folate

58
Q

what might result from long- term use of Urtica dioica?

A

may cause mucus membrane drying.

59
Q

What must be denatred before nettles can be eaten?

A

Trichomes

60
Q

Smilax spp.

Common name

A

Sarsaparilla

61
Q

Smilax spp.

Family

A

Liliaceae

62
Q

Smilax spp.

Part Used

A

Root, rhizome

63
Q

Smilax spp.

Energetics

A

Energetics: drying, earthy

64
Q

Smilax spp.

Constituents

A

steroidal saponins – sarsaprilloside and smilasaponin, and the glycosides sarsapogenin and isosarsapogenin, smilagenin and pollinastinol.

65
Q

Smilax spp.

Actions

A

alterative, antirheumatic, diaphoretic, diuretic, adaptogenic

66
Q

Smilax spp.

Specificity of Seat

A

endocrine balance

67
Q

Smilax spp.

Indications

A

Skin conditions, rheumatic pain and hormonal balance, increasing overall resistance to stress

68
Q

Smilax spp.

Contraindications

A

may increase absorption of digitalis glycosides.

Contraindicated in pregnancy.

69
Q

Smilax spp.

Toxicity

A

Large doses may cause GI irritation or even ulceration due to the high saponin content

70
Q

How was smilax prepared, classically?

A

As a syrup to carry other ingredients

71
Q

Curcuma longa

Common name

A

Turmuric

72
Q

Curcuma longa

Family

A

Zingiberaceae

73
Q

Curcuma longa

Part used

A

rhizome

74
Q

Curcuma longa

Energetics

A

cooling, warming, stimulating, moves stagnation

75
Q

Curcuma longa

Constituents

A

Curcumin; volatile oil, mainly composed of tumerone, atlantone, and zingiberone; resin; disaccharides; protein; vitamins and minerals

76
Q

Curcuma longa

Actions

A

alterative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cholagogue, choleretic, emmenagogue, lowers cholesterol, carminative, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, vulnerary

77
Q

Curcuma longa

Specificity of Seat

A

Liver, circulatory system

78
Q

Curcuma longa

Indications

A

inflammations of all kinds, jaundice, liver disorders, chronic skin conditions, cardiovascular disease

79
Q

Curcuma longa

Contraindications

A

Contraindicated in large doses in pregnancy. Contraindicated in bile duct obstruction.

80
Q

Curcuma longa

Ayurvedic properties

A

believed to balance the three doshas (vata, pitta, and kapha).

81
Q

Curcuma longa

Chinese Channels

A

Spleen, Stomach, Liver;
– Invigorates the blood and unblocks menstruation
– Promotes movement of Qi and alleviates pain:
– Expels wind and promotes the movement of blood

82
Q

Why may curcumin work to “prevent nearly all diseases afflicting our world today”?

A

Current statistics show that 98% of all diseases are controlled by a molecule called NF-Kappa B

Excess of NF-Kappa B can lead to Cancer, Arthritis, and a wide range of other diseases

Studies show that curcumin subdues NF-Kappa B

83
Q

Which alteratives are also bitters?

A

Arctium lappa, Mahonia spp. , Rumex crispus,

84
Q

Which alteratives are also laxative?

A

Mahonia spp. , Rumex crispus,

85
Q

Which alteratives are also diuretic?

A

Smilax spp., Arctium lappa (seeds),

86
Q

Which alteratives are also vulnerary?

A

Arctium lappa, Curcuma longa

87
Q

Which alteratives are also antitussive/ helpful with cough?

A

Trifolium pratense, Rumex crispus

88
Q

Which alteratives are also astringent?

A

Urtica dioica (root)

89
Q

Which alteratives are also anti-inflammatory?

A

Urtica dioica (root & leaf), Curcuma longa,

90
Q

Which alteratives are antitumor/ anticarcinogenic/ antimutagenic?

A

Trifolium pratense, Curcuma longa, Arctium lappa,

Bot Med I (5 decks)

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