ALS In Perspective Flashcards

1
Q

How common is IHD in cause of death in UK?

A

Second most common behind dementia

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2
Q

What is the most common presenting rhythm in out of hospital cardiac arrest? Percentages of shockable vs non shockable?

A

Non shockable 75% most common
- 50% asystole
- 25% PEA

Shockable (VT/VF) 25%

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3
Q

Outcomes of out of hospital cardiac arrest - ROSC and discharge from hospital?

A

ROSC 30%
Discharge from hospital 9.7%

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4
Q

Outcomes of in hospital cardiac arrest to discharge?

A

23.9%

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5
Q

Presenting rhythm in in-hospital cardiac arrest?

A

Non shockable 73%

Shockable 17%

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6
Q

Key chain of survival 4 points?

A

Early recognition and call for help

Early CPR

Early defibrillation

Post resuscitation care

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7
Q

ALS Algorithm - Step 1 - Unresponsive or not breathing normally?

A

Call for resuscitation team/ambluance

Commence CPR 30:2

Attach defibrillator pads

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8
Q

ALS Algorithm - Step 2

A

Assess Rhythm

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9
Q

ALS Algorithm - Non Shockable Rhythm Management

A

PEA/Asystole

Immediately resume CPR for 2 minutes

Give oxygen
Use waveform capnography
If advance airway then continuous compressions
IV/IO Access
Minimise interruptions of CPR
Adrenaline 1mg 1:10000 when IV access achieved and every 3-5 minutes

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10
Q

ALS Algorithm - Shockable Rhythm Management

A

VF/Pulseless VT

1 shock

Immediately resume CPE for 2 mins

Give oxygen
Use waveform capnography
If advance airway then continuous compressions
IV/IO Access
Minimise interruptions of CPR
Adrenaline 1mg 1:10000 every 3-5 minutes
Give amiodarone after 3 shocks

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11
Q

What are the 4H’s and 4T’s

A

Hypoxia
Hypovolaemia
Hypothermia
Hypo/Hyperkalaemia/Metabolic

Thrombosis - Coronary /Pulmonary
Tampondade
Tension Pneumothorax
Toxins

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12
Q

ALS Algorithm - ROSC Steps

A

Use ABCDE Approach
Aim for SpO2 94-98% and normal paCO2
12 Lead ECG
Identify and treat cause
Temperature control

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