ALS Flashcards
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is also known as what?
Lou gehrig disease
Define ALS
A rare, progressive neuro disorder characterized by the loss of motor neurons
Survival of ALS
Death usually occurs around 3 years after diagnosis
What are the Risk factors for ALS (4)
Age: 40-70
Gender: Male
Genetics (10%)
Smoking
Patho of ALS
Motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord gradually degenerate
Electrical and chemical messages from the brain do not reach the muscles
what could cause ALS
“Excitotoxicity hypothesis”
Excessive levels of glutamate initiate a cascade of events that lead to neuron death
drug that improves survival in ALS
Antiglutaminergic drug (Riluzole)
Clinical manifestations of ALS
Weakness of upper extremities - (sometimes begins in the legs) - Muscle wasting - Spasticity Dysarthria, dysphagia, drooling Cognitive and behavioral changes Constipation Sleep problems Breathing
Class of Riluzole (Rilutek)
glutamate inhibitor
Indication for Riluzole
Only drug approved for ALS
MOA of Riluzole
Glutamate antagonist
Reduces damage to motor neurons
S/E of Riluzole
dizziness
GI upset
hepatotoxicity