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Nutritional Biochem 2 > alpha-lipoid acid > Flashcards

alpha-lipoid acid Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha-Lipoid Acid

A

sulfur containing coenzyme found as oxidized form or reduced dihydrolipoic acid

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2
Q

reduced dihydrolipoic acid, AKA…

A

thioctic acid or R-5-(1,2-dithiolane) pentanoic acid

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3
Q

Naturally occurring lipoic acid?

A

D configuration (R-lipoic acid)

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4
Q

What can competitively inhibit and antagonize the uptake of D-lipoic acid (RLA)?

A

L-lipoid acid (SLA)

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5
Q

What is the bioavailability of D-lipoic acid (RLA)?

A

30 % at 200 mg

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6
Q

Lipoic acid can be synthesized by?

A

liver

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7
Q

What enzyme drives lipoic acid de novo synthesis?

A

lipoid acid synthase

- utilizes medium chain fatty acid octanoic acid and cysteine

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8
Q

Lipoic acid is a coenzyme for what?

A

oxidative decarboxylation of a-ketoacids by assisting acyl-group transfers

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9
Q

Lipoic acid is first converted to?

A

lipoamide

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10
Q

How is lipoic acid converted to lipoamide?

A

by its covalent bonding to a lysine residue (via amide linkage) belonging to dihydrolipoyl transacetylase

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11
Q

dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, also known as…

A

E2

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12
Q

E2 can be found in?

A
  1. pyruvate dehydrogenase
  2. a-ketogluterate dehydrogenase
  3. branched chain a-ketoacid dehydrogenase
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13
Q

Why is arsenic poisonous?

A

covalently binds to lipoamide

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14
Q

What is a potent antioxidant in fat and water soluble mediums?

A

lipoic acid

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15
Q

Lipoic acid is known to scavenge?

A

hydroxyl radicals using dihydrolipoic acid form

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16
Q

What nutrient is can regenerate ascorbate and glutathione, and indirectly regerate vitamin E?

A

lipoic acid

17
Q

Lipoic acid can increase intracellular levels of what?

A

coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

18
Q

How does lipoic acid prevent atherosclerosis?

A

antioxidant protection of LDL’s

19
Q

What are the antihypertensive effects of Lipoic acid ?

A

decrease in oxidative stress to vascular endothelial cells

20
Q

How does Lipoic acid effect diabetics?

A

improves neuropathic symptoms and deficits

21
Q

safe dosage for Lipoic acid?

A

600 - 1800 mg

Nutritional Biochem 2 (6 decks)

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