ALP I

Question 1

List the 3 major music categories as defined markets and describe the typical consumer the music was thought to be intended for, and are said to be the combination that creates rock and roll

Answer 1

Mainstream Popular was intended for the average middle-class white consumer; Country and Western was intended for rural white farming communities and of the like; Rhythm and Blues was intended for urban African American consumers

Question 2

The first means of wireless electronic communication technology was the use of — invented by — in the year/decade —

Answer 2

radio; Marconi; 1890s

Question 3

In 1912 the disastrous sinking of the — was communicated seemingly live for that time, and many of those messages of using the dots and dashes of Morse Code were transcribed by —

Answer 3

Titanic; David Sarnoff

Question 4

What things did David Sarnoff go on to do?

Answer 4

He went on to develop the NBC network and have a career running RCA.

Question 5

What kinds of programming were typical of early radio? Name at least 3 with relevant examples.

Answer 5

Soap operas: The Guiding Light; Adventure Shows: Lone Ranger and Superman; Variety Shows: Bing Crosby

Question 6

In addition to these three big pre-rock music marketing categories another music style genre — was also was highly influential and should also be considered as a fourth contribute for Rocks’s development

Answer 6

Gospel

Question 7

In the beginning years American Popular Mainstream music category, a section of New York, West 28th between 5th and 6th was referred to as Tin Pan —. Numerous — were employed there to write songs which were then —, then certain artists would be chosen to record them.

Answer 7

Alley; songwriters; published

Question 8

Although songs were recorded, and on the radio, by far the main way music was actually sold and disseminated in the early part of the 1900’s was sold as — to be played and sung in homes.

Answer 8

Sheet music

Question 9

Most stores selling this music even had staff — Players to help buyers hear, choose, and buy their songs to take home with them.

Answer 9

Piano

Question 10

In early Popular Music category were Frank Sinatra or Bing Crosby ever considered songwriters?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What were considered to be Super Stations?

Answer 11

They could broadcast a very powerful signal that could reach whole regions across the country.

Question 12

What impact does an advancement like Super Stations have on our society?

Answer 12

Everyone is listening to the same music at the same time, and therefore regional differences are broken.

Question 13

After the end of WWII David — gets the idea that if radio was successful, actually “seeing” this radio production of shows would even be better so he leads the movement from radio to —

Answer 13

Sarnoff; television

Question 14

Although not discussed in the text, — originally from New Orleans, considered the father of Jazz, is far and away the most important early popular music stylist!

Answer 14

Louis Armstrong

Question 15

Name two of Louis Armstrong’s songs

Answer 15

Summertime; Jeepers Creepers

Question 16

Big Band Dance/Swing era Jazz Big Bands were also popular, give two examples.

Answer 16

Glenn Miller Orchestra; Count Basie

Question 17

— was the guitarist for Bing Crosby and had another duo act with his wife —

Answer 17

Les Paul; Mary Ford

Question 18

Besides having the solid body guitar collectable named after him and made by the — guitar company, Les Paul, was one of the first to do what recording technique?

Answer 18

Gibson; Overdubbing

Question 19

Actual tape recording was discovered after WW—, where the German military used this technique for broadcasts of — speeches hoping to evade any American assignation attempts.

Answer 19

II; Hitler’s

Question 20

With Country Western there were three singer/group song types. List and describe each:

Answer 20

Ralph Peer: 20s south, indigenous, southeastern culture
Cowboy Crooner: cowboy-esque
Western Swing: strings (fiddles), horn section, country music meets big band

Question 21

Give at least one popular example of a star in each Country Western category.

Answer 21

Ralph Peer: “Fiddlin” John Carson
Cowboy Crooner: Roy Rogers
Western Swing: Bob Willis and his Texas Playboys

Question 22

What popular show on the radio made Nashville the Capital of the Country Music world?

Answer 22

Grand Ole Opry

Question 23

Which “family” were the most popular stars, and a regular part of the Grand Ole Opry show?

Answer 23

The Carter Family

Question 24

Who founded Sun Records and is often considered one of the fathers of Rock?

Answer 24

Sam Phillips

Question 25

Name three stars that Sam Phillips found, recorded, etc.

Answer 25

Elvis Presley; Johnny Cash; Carl Perkins

Question 26

What song did Elvis first record at Sun Records that introduced him to the public as a new rising star of Rock?

Answer 26

Bill Monroe’s Blue Moon Kentucky

Question 27

Did Elvis write any major hit songs?

Answer 27

Yes; Jailhouse Rock, Can’t help falling in love; Hound Dog

Question 28

Similar to Sun Records, and quite popular with the early UK Blues scene, the Indie Label making a huge impact on R&B located in Chicago was —

Answer 28

Chess Records

Question 29

Name three major artists associated with this Chicago Indie Label, Chess Records

Answer 29

Muddy Waters; Chuck Berry; Jimmy Rogers

Question 30

— is often referred to as “The Godmother of Rock and Roll.” In addition to singing, her playing of electric — had a major influence on many Rock icons including the early Chess Records Rock Star —

Answer 30

Rosetta Tharpe; guitar; Elvis Presley

Question 31

Buddy Holly was from — in the state of —. One important contribution he made to the development of Rock was writing his own —

Answer 31

Lubbock; Texas; songs

Question 32

Name 3 hit songs by Buddy Holly

Answer 32

Rave on; Everyday; Peggy Sue

Question 33

How, when, and at what age did Buddy Holly tragically die?

Answer 33

Plane crash; February 3rd, 1959; 22

Question 34

Ralph Peer

Answer 34

He was a talent scout who looked for country singers.
His recordings are important because they’re the closest thing to hearing original regional music in the Appalachian region, before the sounds were affected by other cultures.

Question 35

Jimmy Rogers

Answer 35

Country singer-songwriter in the 1920s. Blue Yodel, 1927 is a well-known song of his. Also, he had an image that was a bit a marketing strategy.
He’s important because he can be considered the first star of country music or the father of country music. And he revolutionized Yodeling.

Question 36

Country and Western

Answer 36

A music genre or two listened to by south/eastern rural people.
This genre is important because it’s one of the three that heavily influenced the Rock genre.

Question 37

Norman Petty

Answer 37

Musician and record producer. He was Buddy Holly’s co-writer of choice.
He is important because he is considered one of the founding fathers of rock music. He also founded the Norman Petty trio.

Question 38

Alan Freed

Answer 38

He was a DJ who popularized the phrase “rock and roll” on mainstream radio in the early 1980s.
He popularized the R&B records that became the foundation of rock. He planned the first rock and roll concert. He helped spread rock and roll music throughout North America and therefore was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986.

Question 39

Blue Moon of Kentucky

Answer 39

A song by Bill Monroe and the Bluegrass Boys, who were the birth of Bluegrass music.
This is important because one of the first songs released by Elvis Presley on Sun Records in 1954 was his own version of this song.

Question 40

Billboard and Cashbox

Answer 40

They posted record charts that were divided for the merchant’s use and not for fans.
This is important because they accepted and exploited racism in the music industry by how they separated the charts. For example, R&B was more separated than Country and Western.

Question 41

Louisiana Hay Ride

Answer 41

A show like the Grand Ole Opry originating from Shreveport Louisiana.
This is important because it is known that Elvis Presley was featured on the show.

Question 42

Nashville

Answer 42

This city became the home of Country and Western music after 1945. Also, the 2 in 1 genre came together in Nashville.
It’s important because the city was home to the Grand Old Opry and top musicians are coming to this city.

Question 43

Ritchie Valens

Answer 43

Guitarist, singer, and songwriter; La Bamba’s a popular song of his.
He is important because he was a rock & roll pioneer and a forefather of the Chicano Rock Movement. Also, he was one of the musician that died in “The Day the Music Died” plane crash.

Question 44

Chess Records

Answer 44

Formed by Phil and Leonard Chess in Chicago 1947 and is mostly associated with the Chicago Electric Blues style.
This is important because it included the first records of Chuck Berry and they had a rawness and ruggedness to them that British blues rockers from the 1960s liked.

Question 45

The Prisonaires

Answer 45

A doo-wop group that banded together while each member was incarcerated in the Tennessee State Penitentiary in Nashville.
They are important because of hit song called “Just Walkin’ in the Rain” was released on Sun Records in 1953.

Question 46

Dewey Phillips

Answer 46

A DJ based in Memphis, Tennessee who is best known for his WHBQ radio show “Red, Hot, and Blue.”
He helped popularize the rock and roll genre in radio displays, along with Alan Freed. He was one of rock and roll’s pioneering DJs.

Question 47

Chuck Berry

Answer 47

He was a singer and guitarist with a hit song called “Run Rudolph Run.”
He was important because he helped pioneer rock and roll with his guitar playing.

Question 48

Payola Scandal

Answer 48

The illegal practice of paying a commercial radio station to play a song without the station disclosing the payment.
This brought attention to the unethical activities of radio stations and DJs who had been collecting money in exchange for playing particular songs.

Question 49

American Bandstand

Answer 49

Music show in which popular musicians performed; aired from 1942 to 1989.
This show is important because it epitomized many important aspects of the ever-evolving American pop culture, while also bringing teenage consumers into the mix.

Question 50

December 23, 1947

Answer 50

The birthday of the transistor, which can be considered the most important invention of the 20th century.
It’s important because it revolutionized technology by being the first device to act as both a transmitter and resistor. Therefore, it also revolutionized the spread of music.