Allergy & Hypersensitivity Flashcards
1
Q
Define an allergy
A
A hypersensitivity reaction to an otherwise harmless antigen, mediated by the immune system
2
Q
Define atopy
A
A genetic predisposition to developing allergic diseases (such as asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis)
3
Q
Define anaphylaxis +
A
A severe, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction characterised by hypotension, airway obstruction, and shock
4
Q
What are the causes of anaphylaxis?
A
Common triggers include:
- food (e.g. peanuts, shellfish)
- insect stings
- medications (e.g. penicillin)
- latex
5
Q
Difference between allergy and intolerance
A
Allergy involves an immune-mediated response
Intolerance is a non-immune reaction (e.g. lactose intolerance due to enzyme deficiency)
