Allergy and anaphylaxis

Question 1

What is atopy?

Answer 1

IgE antibodies- genetic predisposition - may result in allergic reaction

Question 2

Atopic disease

Answer 2

Eczema
Asthma
Hayfever
Food allergy

Question 3

What are typical symptoms of lactose intolerance?

Answer 3

Diarrhoea
Bloating
Wind

Question 4

What is treatment of suspected lactose intolerance?

Answer 4

Go lactose free - no breast milk, cows milk etc

Question 5

What is non-IgE cows milk protein allergy (CMPA)?

Answer 5

Body recognises milk proteins and this causes gut inflammation

Question 6

What are symptoms of non-IgE CMPA?

Answer 6

GORD
Loose/frequent stools
Constipation - straining on soft stool
Blood/mucus in stool
Abdo pain
Infantile colic
Pallor/tiredness
Eczema
Faltering growth
Perianal redness

Question 7

How is non-IgE CMPA diagnosed?

Answer 7

Remove cows milk from diet for 3-4 weeks and then re-test

Question 8

What should formula milk be replaced with in suspected CMPA?

Answer 8

Special hydrolysed formulas designed for cow’s milk allergy

Question 9

How can IgE mediated allergies be tested?

Answer 9

Skin prick test
Serum specific IgE

Question 10

How does a patient with anaphylaxis present?

Answer 10

Urticaria
Itching
Angio-oedema, with swelling around lips and eyes
Abdominal pain

Question 11

What is the management of anaphylaxis?

Answer 11

ABC - airway, breathing, circulation
Adrenaline Autoinjectors - Epipen/Jext/Emerade
Antihistamine
Steroids
Salbutamol