Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immune System > Allergy > Flashcards

Allergy Flashcards

1
Q

What is an allergen?

A

Any substance stimulating production of IgE or a cellular immune response

Usually a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is sensitivity?

A

A normal response to a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hypersensitivity?

A

An abnormally strong response to a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is sensitisation?

A

The production of IgE antibodies after repeated exposure to an allergen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is allergy?

A

A hypersensitivity reaction initiated by specific immunological mechanisms

Can be IgE or non-IgE mediated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is atopy?

A

The tendency to produce IgE antibodies in response to ordinary exposure to potential allergens

Strongly assosciated with asthma, rhinitis, eczema and food allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

A serious allergic reaction with bronchial, laryngeal and cardiovascular involvement

Onset is rapid and can cause death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the allergic march? (atopic march)

A

Different allergies more prevelent with age

Food allergy and eczema often affect younger patients

As they become older will be less effected by these but more affected by asthma and rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 questions to ask if a patient presents to primary care with suspected allergy?

A
  1. Is this milk allergy?
  2. Is this food induced anaphylaxis?
  3. Is this allergy?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is milk allergy? What are some of the symptoms?

A

Allergy to milk seen in babies

  • Feeds slowly
  • Vomiting after feeds
  • Arches back and pulls legs up after feeds
  • Very uncomfortable passing stools
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the cut of point (age) for diagnosing milk allergy?

A

12 months

After this will not be milk allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of presentation of milk allergy?

A

Immediate onset (40%) - IgE mediated:

  • symptoms affecting skin, respiratory and GI tracts
  • Symptoms of urticaria, cough, wheeze, vomiting and diarrhoea
  • Can cause anaphylaxis and be fatal

Delated onset (60%)- non IgE mediated:

  • predominantly multiple GI symptoms
  • Difficult to diagnose: similar presentation to colic and reflux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 14 major allergens?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is food allergy?

A

An adverse health effect arising from specific immune respone that occurs reproducibly on exposure to a certain food

IgE and non IgE mediated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is food intolerance?

A

Numerous adverse responses to foods that do not involve an immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do IgE and non IgE mediated food allergies differ in their presentation?

(symptom onset, common foods, presenting age, natural history)

A
17
Q

How do symptoms differ between IgE mediated and non IgE mediated food allergy?

A
18
Q

What is food associated exercised induced anaphylaxis?

A

Food that triggers anaphylaxis only if ingestion is followed (within 2 hours) by exercise

19
Q

what is pollen food syndrome?

A

Pruritis and mild oedema of the oral cavity associated with hay fever

Seen when eating raw fruit and veg

20
Q

What is proctocolitis?

A

Passage of bright red blood in mucousy stolls in otherwise asymptomatic infants

(seen in milk allergy)

21
Q

What is enterocolitis?

A

Multiple and varying GI symptoms seen in delated onset allergy including:

  • refusal
  • persistent vomiting
  • abdominal cramps
  • loose and frequent stools
  • constipation
22
Q

What is eosinophilic oesophagitis?

A

Symptoms from oesophageal inflammation and scarring feeding disorders.

  • reflux symptoms
  • vomiting
  • dysphagia
  • food impaction
23
Q

What is food proteins induced enterocolitis syndrome?

A

Primary affects infants - delayed onset to food allergy

  • profuse vomiting
  • lethargy
  • pallor
  • possibly shock
  • diarrhoea (25%)
24
Q

Describe the food allergy march

A
25
Q

What is cross reactivity with regards to food allergy?

A

If allergic to one food can cause allergy with related foods

26
Q

Describe the principles of the skin prick test in determining food allergy

A

Number of suspected allergens are tested on the arm at the same time.

Positive results: area becomes red and swollen

27
Q

How are immunoassays used to detect allergen specific IgE’s?

A
  1. Allergen is adsorbed and immobilies in a solid phase
  2. Patients serum added and incubated for 30-60 mins followed by several washes
  3. Allergen bound IgE is detected enzymatically by labeled anti-human IgE monocloncal antibody

Immune System (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions