Alleles and Genetic Diagram

Question 1

What are alleles and where are they found?

Answer 1

ALLELES are DIFFERENT forms of the SAME GENE.
They are found in the SAME POSITION on both chromosomes of each pair. However GAMETES only have ONE ALLELES.

Question 2

What does Homozygous mean?

Answer 2

Having 2 IDENTICAL alleles for a particular gene or characteristic.

Question 3

What does Heterozygous mean?

Answer 3

Having 2 DIFFERENT alleles for a particular gene or characteristic

Question 4

What is a dominant allele?

Answer 4

An allele that is PHENOTYPICALLY EXPRESSED in BOTH heterozygous and homozygous condition.
Showed by a CAPITAL LETTER

Question 5

What is a recessive allele?

Answer 5

Allele that is PHENOTYPICALLY EXPRESSED in only HOMOZYGOUS conditions.
Showed by a LOWERCASE LETTER

Question 6

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

Answer 6

The GENOTYPE is the COMBINATION of ALLELES an organism possesses.

The PHENOTYPE is the OUTWARD APPEARANCE and CHARACTERISTIC due to the genotype.

Question 7

What does expressed genes mean?

Answer 7

Gene expression is the process by which specific genes are activated to produce a required protein

Question 8

What is pure-breeding?

Answer 8

Organisms that are interbred to ALWAYS produce IDENTICAL OFFSPRING GENERATION due to HOMOZYGOUS CONDITION.

Question 9

Why may we use test-cross?

Answer 9

To FIGURE A GENTYPE of an organism by the phenotype due to BREEDING the organism with a HOMIZYGOUS RECESSIVE organism.