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Chemistry > All u nid to kno abt salts > Flashcards

All u nid to kno abt salts Flashcards

1
Q

Soluble salts

A

all soluble
(NO3 CH3COOH)
(K Na NH4)

Cl (Exp PAH)
SO4 (Exp PABC)

all insoluble Exp all soluble
(CO3, Pb )

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2
Q

preparation for insoluble salts

A

Double decomposition reaction

  1. Choose a soluble salt solution containing cation of the insoluble salt
  2. Choose a soluble salt solution containing anion of the insoluble salt
  3. Mix two solutions
  4. Filter, wash and dry the precipitate
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3
Q

preparation for soluble salts

not K Na NH4

A

acid metal
acid metal oxide
acid metal hydroxide
acid metal carbonate

  1. Add excess solid to hot dilute acid
  2. Filter off the unreacted solid
  3. Evaporate to saturate the salt solution
  4. Cool to allow crystallisation to occur
  5. Filter, wash and dry crystals
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4
Q

preparation for soluble salts

K Na NH4

A

Neutralisation reaction

  1. Use titration method to neutralise a given volume of acid to obtain the salt solution
  2. Evaporate to saturate the salt solution
  3. Cool to allow crystallisation to occur
  4. Filter, wash and dry the crystals
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5
Q

solid zinc oxide

A

yellow when hot

white when cold

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6
Q

solid lead2 oxide

A

brown when hot

yellow when cold

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7
Q

chromate 6 ion

A

yellow

Chromium3 ion is green

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8
Q

dichromate 6 ion

A

orange

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9
Q

manganate7 ion

A

purple

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10
Q

iron 2 ion

A

green

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11
Q

iron 3 ion

A

brown

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12
Q

copper 2 ion

A

blue

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13
Q

lead 2 chloride
lead 2 bromide
lead 2 iodide

A

insoluble in cold water

soluble in hot water

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14
Q

iron2 ions
nickel2 ions
chromium3 ion

A

dissolve in water to produce green solutions

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15
Q

test for ammonia gas

A

bring a piece of moist red litmus paper to the mouth of the tt

(red litmus paper turns blue)

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16
Q

test for oxygen gas

A

lower a glowing wooden splint into the tt

glowing wooden splint is relighted

17
Q

test for carbon dioxide gas

A

bubble the gas thru limewater

limewater turns milky

18
Q

test for hydrogen gas

A

bring a lighted wooden splint to the mouth of the tt

Gas burns with a pop sound

19
Q

test for chlorine gas

A

bring a piece of moist blue litmus paper to the mouth of the tt

(blue litmus paper turns red the bleached)

20
Q

test for sulphur dioxide gas

A

bubble the gas thru acidified dichromate solution or acidified purple acidified manganate 4 ion

(the orange acidified dichromate solution turns green
the purple potassium manganate turns colourless)

21
Q

test for hydrogen chloride gas

A

use a glass rod to bring a drop of concentrated ammonia solution to the mouth of the tt

(dense white fumess are formed)

22
Q

test for nitrogen dioxide gas

A

bring a piece of moist blue litmus paper to the mouth of the tt
observe the colour of gas evolved

(blue litmus paper turns red)
(brown gas is evolved)

23
Q

characteristics of ammonia gas

A 
colourless gas
pungent smell
alkaline gas
turns moist red litmus paper blue
form dense white fumes with hydrogen chloride

(produced by heating a mixture of ammonium salt and alkali)

24
Q

characteristics of oxygen gas

A

colourless gas
no effect on litmus paper
supports combustion
relights a glowing wooden splint

(produced by heating a chlorate5 or nitrate salt)

25
Q

characteristics of carbon dioxide gas

A

colourless gas
acidic gas
turns mist blue litmus paper red
turns limewater milky

(produced by heating a metal carbonate or acid-carbonate reaction)

26
Q

characteristics of hydrogen gas

A

colourless gas
no effect on litmus paper
forms an explosive mixture with air
burns with pop sound

(produced by an acid-metal reaction)

27
Q

characteristics of chlorine gas

A 
greenish-yellow gas
choking smell
acidic gas
turns moist blue litmus paper red
bleaches litmus paper

(produced by heating a mixture of manganese 4 oxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid)

28
Q

characteristics of sulphur dioxide gas

A

colourless gas
pungent smell
acidic gas
turns moist blue litmus paper red
reduces orange acidified dichromate 6 ion to green chromium3 ion
decolourises purple acidified manganate 7 ion

(produced by an acid-sulphite reaction)

29
Q

characteristics of hydrogen chloride gas

A 
colourless gas
forms fumes in moist air
acidic gas
turns moist blue litmus paper red
forms dense white fumes with ammonia gas

(produced by heating a mixture of common salt and concentrated sulphuric acid)

30
Q

nitrogen dioxide gas

A 
brown gas
pungent smell
acidic gas
turns moist blue litmus paper red
reacts with water to form colourless solution

(produced by heating a nitrate salt)

31
Q

action of heat on carbonate salts

A

all salts
produce metal oxide and carbon dioxide

potassium, sodium
do not decompose

silver
produce metal, oxygen and carbon dioxide

ammonium
produce ammonia, water and carbon dioxide

32
Q

action of heat on nitrate salts

A

all salts
produce metal oxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen

potassium, sodium
nitrate salt and oxygen

silver
produce metal, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen

ammonium
produce nitrous oxide and water

33
Q

iron2 oxide salt

copper2 oxide

A

black solid

34
Q

test for carbonate ion

A

add dilute hydrochloric acid
bubble gas thru limewater

(limewater turns milky)

35
Q

test for chloride ion

A

add dilute nitric acid
add silver nitrate solution

(a white precipitate is obtained)
nitirc acid prevent precipitation of silver sulphate and silver carbonate

36
Q

test for sulphate ion

A

add dilute hydrochloric acid
add barium chloride solution

(a white precipitate is obtained)
hydrochloric acid prevent precipitation of barium carbonate

37
Q

test for nitrate ion

Brown ring test

A

add dilute sulphuric acid
add iron2 sulphate solution
shake to mix well
carefully add concentrated sulphuric acid down the side of the tt

Chemistry (6 decks)

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