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All the knowledge (or some) Flashcards

1
Q

1855 Classification

A
  • 60 Properties (Medoc + 1 in Graves)
  • 5 tiers (growths)
  • 5 First Growths
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2
Q

Aglianico requires a _____ growing season

A
  • long
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3
Q

Alsace Selection De Grand Nobles rules

A
  • Must be botrytis affected
  • Must be sweet
  • Min sugar at harvest 276g Muscat/Riesling, 306g PG/Gewurz
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4
Q

Alsace Vendages Tardives rules

A
  • No requirement to be botrytis affected
  • No requirement to be sweet
  • Min sugar at harvest 235g Muscat/Riesling, 256g PG/Gewurz
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5
Q

Argentina - GI hierarchy

A
  • Region
  • Province
  • Sub Region
  • Department
  • District
  • GI
  • DOCs prescribe winemaking (only 2 and not widely used) - ie Luyan de Cuyo
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6
Q

Argentina - Labelling terms for aging

A
  • Reserva (12 Reds/6 White+Rose)
  • Gran Reserva (2x)
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7
Q

Argentina - Regions/Provinces

A
  • Cuyo
    • Mendoza
    • San Juan
    • La Rioja
    • Salta
  • Patagonia
    • Neuquin
    • Rio Negro
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8
Q

Austria - Burgunland areas

A
  • Neusiedlersee
  • Mittleburgenland
  • Leithaberg
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9
Q

Austria - DAC

A
  • Per DAC permitted varietals
  • Can display origin
  • Must pass tasting panel for typicity
  • Indicator of regional typicity rather than quality
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10
Q

Austria - Neiderosterreich areas

A
  • Weinvertiel
  • Wachau
  • Kremstal
  • Kamptal
  • Wagram
  • Thermenregion
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11
Q

Austria Regions

A
  • Neiderosterreich
  • Burgunland
  • Steirmark
  • Wein
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12
Q

Beaujolais Crus (names)

A
  • Saint Amour
  • Julienas
  • Chenas
  • Moulin-a-vent
  • Fleurie
  • Chiroubles
  • Morgon
  • Regnie
  • Cote de Brouilly/Brouilly
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13
Q

Bordeaux classifications

A
  • 1855
  • Graves
  • Saint Emillion
  • Cru Bourgoise du Medoc
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14
Q

Burgundy - Cote Chalonnaise Principal Appellations

A
  • Bouzeron AOC. (Aligote only)
  • Rully AOC (W mainly)
  • Mercurey AOC (R mainly)
  • Givry AOC (R mainly)
  • Montagny AOC (W only)

No GC, only 1er

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15
Q

Burgundy - Cotes de Beaune Principal Appellations

A
  • Aloxe-Corton AOC
  • Pernand-Vergelesses AOC
  • Ladoix-Serrigny AOC
  • Beaune AOC
  • Pommard AOC
  • Volnay AOC
  • Meursault AOC
  • Puligny-Montrachet AOC/Chassange Montrachet AOC
    • Le Montrachet AOC
    • Batard Montrachet AOC
  • Saint-Aubin AOC
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16
Q

Burgundy - Cotes de Nuits Principal Appellations

A
  • Gevrey-Chambertin AOC
    • Charmes Chambertin AOC
    • Chambertin Clos de Beze AOC
  • Morey-Saint-Denis AOC
    • Clos de Tart AOC
    • Clos de la Roche AOC
  • Chambolle Musigny AOC
    • Bonnes Mares AOC
    • Musigny AOC
  • Vougeot AOC
    • GC is Clos de Vougeot and is LARGER than village
  • Vosne-Romanée AOC
    • La Tache AOC
    • Romanée-Conti AOC
  • Nuits-Saint-Georges AOC
    • No GC
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17
Q

Burgundy classification

A
  • Regional
  • Village
  • Premier Cru
  • Grand Cru
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18
Q

California - %s for labelling

A
  • Named varietal - 75%
  • Named county - 75%
  • AVA named - 85%
  • Vinyard named - 95%
  • Vintage - 95% if AVA named, 85% otherwise
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19
Q

California - Central Coast - AVAs

A
  • Central Coast AVA (450km down the coast)
  • Livermore Valley AVA
  • Monterey AVA
  • Paso Robles AVA
  • Santa Maria Valley AVA
  • Santa Ynez Valley AVA
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20
Q

California - Central Valley - AVAs

A
  • Lodi AVA (Hot med, cooling breezes in afternoon, many varietals)
  • Mokelumne River AVA (Lodi sub, many old vine Zinf)
  • Clarksberg AVA (similar climate to Lodi, Chenin, Petite Sirah)
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21
Q

California - Napa (mountainside) - AVAs

A
  • Mount Veeder AVA (West)
  • Atlas Peak AVA (East)
  • Spring Mountain AVA (East)
  • Howell Mountain AVA (West)
  • Diamond Mountain District AVA (East)
  • (West facing, ie on East - more sun)
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22
Q

California - Napa (valley) - AVAs

A
  • Carneros
  • Coombsville
  • Oak Knoll
  • Yountville
  • Stags Leap District
  • Oakville
  • Rutherford
  • St Helena
  • Calistoga
  • (South to North)
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23
Q

California - Napa - Soils

A
  • Thin, poor on mountains
  • Middle/East valley, silt/clay
  • Bottom of mountains, alluvial fans (benches), moderate fertility
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24
Q

California - Sierra Foothills - AVAs

A
  • Sierra Foothills AVA (1m ha, OV Zinf, Rhone, Italian, Spanish)
  • California Shenandoah Valley AVA
  • Fiddletown AVA
  • El Dorado AVA
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25
Q

California - Sonoma - AVAs

A
  • Northern Sonoma AVA (Chard, Merlot, PV, Malbec, Zinf, CS, SB, …)
  • Sonoma Coast AVA (PN/Chard)
  • Sonoma Valley AVA (CS, Merlot, Zinf, Syrah, Chard, SB)
  • Chalk Hill AVA (Chard, CS, SB)
  • Russian River Valley AVA (Cab, Merlot, Zinf, riper PN/Chard)
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26
Q

California - South Coast - AVAs

A
  • South Coast AVA (LA to Mexico)
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27
Q

Canada - BC - Appellations

A
  • Okanagan Valley
  • Similkameen Valley
  • Small coastal
    • Vancouver Island
    • Gulf Island
    • Fraser Valley
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28
Q

Canada - Ontario - Appellations

A
  • Niagra Peninsula
    • Niagra Escarpment
    • Niagra on the Lake
  • Lake Erie North Shore
  • Prince Edward County
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29
Q

Chablis appellations

A
  • Petit Chablis (higher, cooler)
  • Chablis (flat land, North facing)
  • Chablis 1er Cru (S/SE facing)
  • Chablis GC (S facing)
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30
Q

Chablis GC climats (West to East)

A
  • Bougros ()
  • Preuses (Second hand Prius)
  • Vaudésir ()
  • Grenouilles (Frogs)
  • Valmur ()
  • Les Clos (A wall)
  • Blanchot (Hot blanching water)

More ageworthy as you go East, earlier drinking in West

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31
Q

Chile - Central Valley DOs

A
  • Maipo Valley
  • Rapel Valley
    • Cachapoal Valley
    • Colchagua Valley
  • Curico Valley
  • Maule Valley
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32
Q

Chile - Coquimbo DOs

A
  • Elqui
  • Limari
  • Choapa
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33
Q

Chile - DO Hierarchy

A
  • Region
  • Sub-Region
  • Zone
  • Area
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34
Q

Chile - Major Regions

A
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Central Valley
  • Southern
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35
Q

Chile - Souther Region DOs

A
  • Itata Valley
  • Bío Bío Valley
  • Malleco Valley
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36
Q

Chile - Aconcagua DOs

A
  • Aconcuaga Valley
  • San Antonio Valley
  • Casablanca Valley
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37
Q

Climate characteristics

A
  • Maritime - moderated by ocean. Moderate summers, mild winters. Typically west facing coasts.
  • Continental - warm/hot summers, cold/cold winters. Mostly uniform precipitation (hail/snow in winter)
  • Mediterannean - hot dry summers, cool wet winters
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38
Q

Coulure

A

Fruit set failure

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39
Q

Cru Bourgoise du Medoc Classification

A
  • 1932
  • Superior quality, but below Cru Classe
  • As of 2018, chateaux is classified Cru Bourgoise. Cru Bourgoise Superieur, Cru Bourgoise Exceptionnel
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40
Q

Explain La Place de Bordeaux

A
  • Winemaker - estate/winery/coop sell into ‘la place’
  • Broker (courtier) takes 2% sells to merchant
  • Merchant (negociant) takes 15% and sells to wholesaler/supermarket/agent/importer
  • They sell to retails
  • Retailer sells to customer
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41
Q

Germany - Einzellage designations

A
  • Erstes Gewachs
  • Grosse Gewachs
  • Both single vineyard/parcel
  • Possible to specify parcel name (Gewann) if registered
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42
Q

Germany - Erstes Gewachs requirements

A
  • Min 85% approved varietal
  • Selectively picked (by any means)
  • 60hl (70 on steep slopes), min 11% pot alc.
  • Dry
  • Pass sensory test if ordered
  • Release 1 Mar following year
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43
Q

Germany - Grosse Gewachs requirements

A
  • Min 85% approved varietal
  • Hand picked
  • 50hl, min 12% pot alc.
  • Dry
  • Pass sensory test
  • Release 1 Mar/1 Sept following year (white/red)
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44
Q

Germany - Qualitatswein geography hierarchy

A
  • Anbaugebiet (region - Mosel, etc)
  • Region
  • Ortwein (village)
  • Einzellage (vineyard)
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45
Q

Germany - Quality hierarchy

A
  • Deustcher Wein
  • Landwein
  • Qualitatswein
  • Pradikatwein (within Qualitatswein, higher must weight)
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46
Q

Graves Classification

A
  • 1959
  • 16 Classified Chateau all within Pessac Leognan
  • No Subdivisions
  • Can be for red, white wines, or both
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47
Q

Italy - Appassimento Method

A
  • Style is called Passito
  • Picked and stored 3-4 months in aerated lofts to dry, checked/rotated
  • Lose 1/3rd weight - higher sugar/potential alcohol, acid, anthocyanin, tannin and concentration
  • More glycerol is produced - softer mouth feel
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48
Q

Italy - Barbera DOCs and characteristics

A
  • High acid, relatively low tannin
  • Early budding, late ripening
  • Barbera d’Asti DOCG
  • Nizza DOCG (longer aging - 18m)
  • Piemonte DOC (lower concentration wines)
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49
Q

Italy - Bardolino DOC

A
  • Adjacent Lake Garda
  • Light bodied reds and roses
  • 35-80% Corvina
  • Often blended with up to 10% Merlot to boost fruit and get ABV up
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50
Q

Italy - Basilicata DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Aglianico del Vulture [Superiore] DOC[G]
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51
Q

Italy - Campania DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Fiano di Avellino DOCG, Greco di Tufo DOCG, Taurasi DOCG (limestone/clay)
  • Campi Flegri DOC, Vesuvio DOC (volcanic/sandy)
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52
Q

Italy - Dolcetto DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Ripens early, reductive, soft extraction to manage tannins
  • Deep Ruby, M(+) intensity, M(-) acid, M(+) tannin
  • Dolcetto d’Alba DOC
  • Dolcetto di Ovada DOC
  • Dogliana DOCG
  • Piemonte DOC (higher yields)
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53
Q

Italy - Friuli Important DOCs

A
  • Grave del Friuli DOC (high vol mostly)
  • Friuli Isonzo DOC
  • Collio DOC / Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC (higher quality)
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54
Q

Italy - Lazio DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Frascati DOC / Frascati Superiore DOCG (W)
  • Castelli Romani DOC (W)
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55
Q

Italy - Marche DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC (low hills)
  • Verdicchio di Matelica DOC (higher)
  • Rosso Piceno [Superiore] DOC / Offida Rosso DOCG
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56
Q

Italy - Montepulciano DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC (R)
  • Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC (85% Montepulciano rose)
  • Trebbiano d’Abruzzo (W)
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57
Q

Italy - Multi-region Pinot Grigio DOC?

A
  • Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC
  • Grapes from Veneto, Friuli and Trentino (not AA)
  • Good / Inexpensive - mid price
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58
Q

Italy - Nebbiolo DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Early budding, very late ripening
  • Pronounced intensity, high acid, high tannin, high alcohol
  • Barolo [Riserva] DOCG (Dry, tannic, 100%, aged 3y2m/5y2m)
  • Barbaresco [Riserva] DOCG (subtly riper, shorter aging req - 2/4y)
  • Roero/Gattinara/Gheme DOCG (greater diurnal range, higher acid, often blended)
  • Langhe Nebbiolo DOC / Nebbiolo d’Alba DOC (early drinking, younger vines, ‘declassified’)
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59
Q

Italy - Puglia DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Inexpensive, generally warm ferments
  • Primitivo di Manduria DOC
  • Gioia del Colle DOC
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60
Q

Italy - Sardinia DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Cannonau di Sardegna DOC
  • Vermentino di Sardegna DOC (high yield)
  • Vermentino di Gallura DOCG (lower yields)
  • Carignano del Sulcis DOC
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61
Q

Italy - Sicily DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG (Red)
  • Etna Rosso DOC (min 80% Nerello Mascalese)
  • Etna Bianco DOC (min 60% Carricante)
  • Sicilia DOC
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62
Q

Italy - Soave DOCs

A
  • Soave [Classico] DOC
  • Soave Superiore DOCG
  • Recioto di Soave DOCG
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63
Q

Italy - Umbria DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Orvieto DOC
  • Rosso di Montefalco DOC
  • Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG (100%)
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64
Q

Italy - Valpolicella DOCs

A
  • Valpolicella DOC
  • Valpolicella Classico DOC
  • Valpolicella Valpantena DOC
  • Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG (sweet appassimento)
  • Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG (dry appassimento)
  • Valpolicella Ripasso DOC (unpressed Amarone/Recioto grapes added to Valpolicella wine for refermentation)
  • Superiore (option for the above for high ABV/quality)
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65
Q

Italy - Vin Santo

A
  • Tuscan appassimento method wine
  • Amber coloured, sweet
  • Most ofen Trebbiano Toscano/Malvasia blend
  • Vernaccia di San Gimignano
  • 3 other DOCs corresponding to Chianti, Chianti Classico, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
66
Q

Jura - Vin Jaune production/style

A
  • Dry Savagnin is made and aged in barrel with headspace
  • Flor (le voile) develops
  • Aged under flor for 5 years (total 6 in barrel)
  • Medium Lemon/Gold
  • Pronounced dough/walnut/ginger/green apple
  • High acid
67
Q

Jura -Vin de Paille production

A
  • Dried off vine
  • All Jura varieties except Pinot Noir
  • >14%
  • RS 70-120g
  • Oak aged 18m
68
Q

Jurancon rules/production

A
  • Min 50% Petit/Gros Manseng
  • Jurancon Sec -dry 60hL
  • Jurancon - >=40g/L RS, 40hL
  • Jurancon Vendages Tardives - sweet, 55g/L but usually higher, only Mansengs
  • Top quality barrel fermented/aged
  • Typically no malo (ph too low)
69
Q

Key Influences - Alsace -

A
  • Vosges Mountains (diverse sites, rain shadow)
  • Slopes vs flat plains closer the Rhine (aspect/elevation/soils)
70
Q

Key Influences - Austria -

A
  • Northerly winds (North)
  • Adriatic (South)
  • Pannonian plain (East)
  • Alps (West)
  • Low disease pressure
71
Q

Key Influences - Beaujolais -

A
  • Saone River
  • Mistral Winds
  • Hills
  • Granite soils (in North)
72
Q

Key Influences - Burgundy - Chablis

A
  • Latitude
  • Topography (aspect/elevation/slopes)
  • Soils
  • Moist climate (fungal issues)
73
Q

Key Influences - Burgundy - Côte d’or, Côte Chalonnaise and Mâconnais

A
  • Latitude
  • Topography (aspect/elevation/slopes)
  • Soils
  • Frost/Hail/Rain timing
74
Q

Key Influences - Central Italy - Abruzzo

A
  • Appennines (provide cooling/longer growing season)
  • Costal zone (higher temp, higher fertility)
75
Q

Key Influences - Central Italy - Lazio

A
  • Cooling winds from sea
  • Altitude on low hills
  • Little rain in summer (low pressure)
76
Q

Key Influences - Central Italy - Marche

A
  • Appennines (provides hilly growing areas)
  • Limestone/clay good balance between free draining/water retention)
77
Q

Key Influences - Central Italy - Tuscany

A
  • Altitude (inland)
  • Summer drought/temp can be hazard
78
Q

Key Influences - Central Italy - Umbria

A
  • Hilly landscape
  • Hot summers, wet autumn winter (lower pressure)
79
Q

Key Influences - Germany -

A
  • Northerly latitudes
  • Rhine + tributaries
  • Steep south facing slopes
  • Variety of soils
  • Very cold winters (Eiswein)
  • Summer rainfall (disease pressure)
80
Q

Key Influences - Greece - Islands

A
  • Infertile, volcanic soils
  • Winds
81
Q

Key Influences - Greece - Macedonia

A
  • Plaines are fertile and warm
  • Mount Vermio - rains are plentiful
  • Mix of soils and microclimates
  • Lakes near Amynteo raise humidity
82
Q

Key Influences - Greece - Peloponnese

A
  • Moutainous
  • Poor, rocky soils
  • Altitude
83
Q

Key Influences - Hungary -

A
  • Zemplen Mountains
  • S/SW/SE facing slopes (important at this latitude)
  • Rivers (Tisza/Bodrog) - fogs
  • Complex soils
84
Q

Key Influences - Jura -

A
  • High rainfall (incl during growing season)
  • Jura mountains/altitude
  • Weather hazards (reduce yields)
85
Q

Key Influences - Loire - Anjou-Saumur

A
  • Atlantic (progressively less as you go East)
  • River Layon (mist promotes Botrytis)
  • Rain throughout year (disease pressure)
86
Q

Key Influences - Loire - Central Vineyards

A
  • Rain throughout year (disease pressure)
  • Long days, low intensity light, low heat - restrained wines
87
Q

Key Influences - Loire - Nantes

A
  • Atlantic (progressively less as you go East)
  • Humid summers
  • Rain throughout year (disease pressure)
88
Q

Key Influences - Loire - Touraine

A
  • Atlantic (progressively less as you go East)
  • River Layon (mist promotes Botrytis)
  • Rain throughout year (disease pressure)
89
Q

Key Influences - NE Italy - Alto Adige

A
  • Alps (protect from winds)
  • Altitiude
  • 300 days of sunshine
  • Variety of soils
90
Q

Key Influences - NE Italy - Friuli

A
  • Adriatic sea
  • High rainfall (humidity, pressure)
  • Plain and low hills
91
Q

Key Influences - NE Italy - Trentino

A
  • Alps
  • Lake Garda
  • Large diurnal range
92
Q

Key Influences - NE Italy - Veneto

A
  • Lake Garda
  • River Adige/Po River Valley (brings moist air and fog)
  • Fertile soils
93
Q

Key Influences - NW Italy - Piemonte

A
  • Alps (protect from rainfall and winds)
  • Appennines (protect from Med weather)
  • Low rainfall during ripening (though can still affect Nebbiolo)
94
Q

Key Influences - Rhone - North

A
  • Mistral winds
  • Steep slopes (aids sunlight interception, drainage)
95
Q

Key Influences - Rhone - South

A
  • Mistral winds
  • Flat lands
  • Dry summers (drought)
96
Q

Key Influences - S France - Languedoc

A
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Low lying plains (alluvial)
  • High sunshine, low rain (low pressure)
97
Q

Key Influences - S France - Provence

A
  • Warm mediterranean climate
  • Moderate rainfall
  • Mistral wind (cooling, can damage)
  • Altitude on some sites
98
Q

Key Influences - S France - Rousillon

A
  • Warm, windy mediterranean climate
  • Moderate rainfall
  • High sunshine, low rain (low pressure)
99
Q

Key Influences - Southern Italy - Basilicata

A
  • Monte Vulture
  • Volcanic soils (provide drainage)
  • Clay/limestone (retains water)
100
Q

Key Influences - Southern Italy - Campania

A
  • Slopes inland
  • Varied soils (limestone/clay, volcaninc, alluvial)
101
Q

Key Influences - Southern Italy - Puglia

A
  • Hot climate
  • Low rainfall
  • Fertile soils
102
Q

Key Influences - Southern Italy - Sardinia

A
  • Hilly/altitude (cooling influences)
  • Winds from sea (reduces fungal pressure)
103
Q

Key Influences - Southern Italy - Sicily

A
  • Warm climate
  • Varied microclimates
  • Etna
104
Q

Key Influences - Spain - Aragon

A
  • The C’s’ - Altitude, cold wind ‘cierzo’ from north, low rain
  • Somontano - Foot of Pyranees
105
Q

Key Influences - Spain - Castilla y León

A
  • Altitude (inland, varies per DO)
  • Old vines
106
Q

Key Influences - Spain - Galacia

A
  • Atlantic - moderates
  • High rainfall (pressure/vv)
107
Q

Key Influences - Spain - Navarra

A
  • Atlantic
  • Mediterranean
  • Pyrenees
108
Q

Key Influences - Spain - Rioja

A
  • Mountains to North (Sierra de Cantabria) and South (Sierra de la Demanda)
  • Mediterranean (East)
109
Q

Key Influences - SW France - Bergerac/Montbazillac

A
  • Soils - Clay/limestone, some gravel
  • River Dordogne - mists for Botrytis
110
Q

Key Influences - SW France - Cahors

A
  • Some Atlantic Influence
  • Warmer/drier than Bordeaux (lower pressure)
  • River Lot (rich soils vs slopes/plateau)
111
Q

Key Influences - SW France - Juracon

A
  • Pyranees
  • Altitude
  • Fohn wind (drys/aerates canopy)
  • High rainfall
112
Q

Key Influences - SW France - Madiran

A
  • Pyranees
  • High rainfall
  • hot, dry Fohn wind
113
Q

Languedoc - Key Appellations

A
  • Corbieres AOC
    • Corbieres-Boutenac
  • Minervois AOC
  • Minervois La Liviniere AOC
  • Saint-Chinian AOC
  • Fitou AOC
  • Faugeres AOC
  • Pic Saint-Loup AOC
  • Terrasses du Larzac
  • La Clape AOC
  • Picpoul de Pinet AOC (white only)
114
Q

Languedoc - Named Appellation wine style

A
  • M-M(+) aroma/flavour, blackberry, red plum, herb
  • M tannin
  • M-M(+) acidity
  • M-H alcohol
  • M(+) - F body
  • Minority have oak aromas
  • Good-VG / Inexp - mid price
115
Q

Languedoc - Sub Appellation wine style

A
  • M(+)-P aromas
  • M(+) tannins
  • VG-O / mid-prem price
116
Q

Languedoc AOC - wine style

A
  • M intensity, simple, blackberry, red plum M acid/alc/body
117
Q

Loire - Anjou - Key AOCs

A
  • Anjou AOC
  • Anjou Villages AOC
  • Coteaux du Layon [+ village] AOC
  • Bonnezeaux AOC
  • Quarts de Chaume AOC
  • Savennieres AOC (mainly dry Chennin)
  • Rose de Loire AOC (rose)
  • Rose d’Anjou AOC (rose)
  • Cabernet d’Anjou AOC (rose)
118
Q

Loire - Muscadet - cru communaux

A
  • Clisson (Glisten)
  • Gorges (Gorge/Canyon)
  • Le Pallet (Painters palette)
  • Goulaine (Ghost of Ghislane Maxwell)
  • Chateau-Thebaud (A castle)
  • Mouzillon-Tillieres ()
  • Monnieres-Saint Fiacre ()
  • La Haye Fouassiere ()
  • Vallet (A car vallet)
  • Champtoceaux ()
119
Q

Loire - Saumer - Key AOCs

A
  • Saumur AOC
  • Coteaux de Saumur AOC
  • Saumer-Champigny AOC
120
Q

Loire - Sur lie

A
  • Fills out body of otherwise light wines
  • After alcohol fermentation, one racking is allowed to remove gross lees
  • Fine lees remain in contact until following winter/bottling
  • Bottled 1 Mar-30 Nov after harvest @ winery
121
Q

Loire - Touraine - Key AOCs

A
  • Touraine AOC [+sub]
  • Vouvray AOC
  • Montlouis-sur-Loire AOC
  • Bourgueil AOC
  • Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOC
  • Chinon AOC
122
Q

Macedonia key PDOs

A
  • Naoussa, Amynteo (mountain area)
  • Drama, Kavala (flat plains)
123
Q

Maconnaise appellations

A
  • Macon AOC (predominantly red)
  • Macon-Villages and Macon-{named village} (white wines only)
  • Named Village Appelations (ie Saint Veran AOC, Pouilly-Fuisse AOC)
124
Q

Portugal - Lisbon - DOCs and mountain range name

A
  • Range is Serra de Montejunto
  • To west of mountains
    • Colares
    • Carcavelos
  • To east of mountains
    • Alenquer
    • Bucelas
125
Q

Portugal Regions

A
  • Minho VR/Vinho Verde DOC
  • Duriense VR/Douro DOC
  • Terras do Dao VR/Dao DOC
  • Bairrada
  • Lisboa VR
  • Peninsula de Setubal VR
  • Alentajano VR/Alentejo DOC
  • Tejo DOC
126
Q

Provence - key appelations

A
  • Cotes du Provence AOC
  • Bandol AOC
  • Other - Bellet, Cassis, Palette
127
Q

Rhone - Northern AOCs

A
  • Cote Rotie
  • Condrieu
  • Saint Joseph
  • Hermitage
  • Crozes Hermitage
  • Cornas
  • Saint Peray
128
Q

Rhone - South - app hierarchy

A
  • Cotes du Rhone AOC
  • Cotes du Rhone Villages AOC
  • Cotes du Rhone Villages AOC + {named app}
  • Individual appelations/cru (Cdp, Gigondas, etc)
129
Q

Rhone - South - principal reds

A
  • GSM - min 60%
  • 51hL/ha
130
Q

Rootstock used in Chablis tollerant to high pH

131
Q

Saint Emillion Classification

A
  • Some wines within the GC AOC
  • From 1955, revised ~10y
  • Blind tasting 10 vintages
  • Premier Grand Cru A/B, and Grand Cru Classe
132
Q

South Africa - ‘Big 6’

A
  • Chenin Blanc
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Chardonnay
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Shiraz
  • Pinotage
133
Q

South Africa - Breed River Valley - Districts/Wards

A

Most of SA wine - high yields

  • Breedekloff
  • Worcester
  • Robertson
134
Q

South Africa - Cape South Coast - Districts/Wards

A

Strong Atlantic influence - early ripening v.

  • Walker Bay
    • Hemel-en-Aarde
    • Bot River
  • Elgin
135
Q

South Africa - Coastal Region - Districts/Wards

A

45% of area under vine. 25% of production (low yields)

  • Cape Town
    • Constantia
    • Durbanville
  • Stellenbosch
    • Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
  • Paarl
    • Simonsberg-Paarl (altitude, fresher)
  • Franschoek Valley
  • Darling
  • Swartland
  • Tulbagh
  • Wellington
136
Q

South Africa - WO hierarchy

A
  • Region
  • District
  • Ward
137
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Aragon

A
  • Campo de Borjo DO
  • Carinena DO
  • Calatayud DO
  • Somontano DO
138
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Castilla La Mancha

A
  • La Manacha DO
  • Valdepenas DO
  • Castilla VT
139
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Castilla y Leon

A
  • Bierzo DO
  • Ribera del Duero DO
  • Rueda RO
  • Toro DO
  • Castilla y Leon VT
140
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Catalunya

A
  • Catalunya DO
  • Penedes DO
  • Priorat DOQ
  • Montsant DO
141
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Galacia

A
  • Rias Biaxas
  • Riberio
  • Ribeira Sacra
  • Valdeorras
  • Monterrei
142
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Navarra

A
  • Navarra DO (w/5 subregions)
143
Q

Spain - Key Appellations - Valencia/Murcia

A
  • Valencia DO
  • Utiel-Requena DO
  • Alicante DO
  • Jumilla DO
  • Yecla DO
144
Q

Spain - Key Regions

A
  • Galacia
  • Castilla y Leon
  • Rioja
  • Navarra
  • Aragon
  • Catalunya
  • Valancia
  • Murcia
  • Castilla La Mancha
  • Sierra de Gredos
145
Q

Spain - Penedes zones

A
  • Penedes Maratim/Central/Superior
146
Q

Spain - Rioja - Subzones

A
  • Rioja Alta
  • Rioja Alavesa
  • Rioja Oriental
147
Q

Spain - Rioja aging categories (Red)

A
  • Generic - None
  • Crianza - 24 total (12/0 barrel/bottle)
  • Reserva - 36 (12/6 barrel/bottle)
  • Gran Reserva - 60 (24/24 barrel/bottle)
  • (In 225L (Barriques))
148
Q

Spain - Rioja aging categories (White/Rose)

A
  • Generic - None
  • Crianza - 24 total (6 barrel)
  • Reserva - 24 (6 barrel)
  • Gran Reserva - 48 (6 barrel)
  • (In 225L (Barriques))
149
Q

Spain - Rioja labelling terms

A
  • Vino de Zona (single zone)
  • Vino de Municipio (sourced/vinified/aged in municipality)
  • Vinedo Singular (single vineyard - owned 10 y)
150
Q

Spain - What is plateau in the middle of Spain?

A

The Meseta

600-900m

151
Q

California - North Coast/Lake Counties - AVAs

A
  • North Coast AVA (largest in CA)
  • Mendocino AVA (large - 6 sub)
  • Anderson Valley AVA (PN/Chard most planted. G-O q/P-SP px)
  • Clear Lake AVA (much into inexp blends)
152
Q

Italy - Alto Adige Subzones

A
  • Bassa Atesina
  • Oltradige
153
Q

Italy - Tuscany DOCs and characteristics

A
  • Most regions sell inexpensive to premium
  • M intensity, red cherry, plum, herbal, M body, H acid, H tannin
  • Chianti DOCG (7 subzones)
  • Chianti Classico DOCG
  • Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
  • Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
  • Morellino de Scansano DOCG
  • Bolgheri DOC / Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC
  • Maremma Toscana DOC
  • Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG
  • Toscana IGT
154
Q

Key Influences - Bordeaux -

A
  • Atlantic (incl storms)
  • Landes Forest
  • Rivers (Garonne/Dordonge)/Gironde Estuary
  • Soils
  • Hazards: rain timing (varied), frost
155
Q

Loire - Central Valley - Key AOCs

A
  • Sancerre AOC
  • Pouilly-Fume AOC
  • Reuilly AOC
  • Quincy AOC
  • Menetou-Salon AOC
156
Q

Roussillon - Key Appellations

A
  • Cotes du Roussillon AOC
  • Cotes du Roussillon Villages AOC (R)
  • Collioure AOC (R/W)
157
Q

Soil texture

A
  • Clay - fine - rich, structured wines
  • Silt - medium - in middle
  • Sand - aromatic - light wines
  • Loam - mixture, fertility = overproduction
158
Q

Soil types

A
  • Sedimentary
    • Limestone
    • Chalk
  • Igneous
    • Volcanic
    • Granite
  • Metamorphic
    • Shist
    • Slate
159
Q

Low acid whites

A
  • Gwerztraminer
  • Viognier
  • Treixadura
160
Q

Red Rhone Varietal Budding / Ripening

A
  • Grenache - Early / Late
  • Syrah - Mid-Late / Mid
  • Mourvedre - Late / Late
  • Carignan - Late / Late
161
Q

Burgundy - general yields @ each level

A
  • Regional 69/75 (red/white)
  • Village 40-45/45-47 (red/white)
  • Some GC as low as 35/40 (red/white)

WSET D3 (11 decks)

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