All Muscles Flashcards
1
Q
Glueteus Maximus
A
Origin: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract
Action: Hip ER, EXT, ABD
Nerve: Inferior Gluteal Nerve (VR L5-S2)
Perfusion: inferior and superior gluteal aa/vv
2
Q
Gluteus Medius
A
Origin: ilium (between iliac crest and A+P gluteal lines)
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Hip IR, ABD, pelvic stabilization
Nerve: Superior gluteal (VR :L4-S1)
Perfusion: superior gluteal aa/vv
3
Q
Gluteus Minimus
A
Origin: ilium (between A+I gluteal lines)
Insertion: Greater Trochanter
Action: Hip IR, ABD, Pelvic Stabilization
Nerve: Superior gluteal (VR L4-S1)
Perfusion: superior gluteal aa/vv
4
Q
Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL)
A
Origin: iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: iliotibial tract Action: hip FLX, IR, ABD Nerve: superior gluteal (VR L4-S1) Perfusion: superior gluteal aa/vv
5
Q
Superior Gemellus (triceps coxae)
A
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: greater trochanter (via obturator internus tendon)
Action: Hip ER
Nerve: N. to superior gemellus + obturator internus (VR L5-S2)
Perfusion: ingerior gluteal aa/vv
6
Q
Piriformis
A
Origin: anterior surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: HIP ER
Nerve: N. to piriformis (VR S1-S2)
Perfusion: inferor and superior gluteal aa/vv
7
Q
Obturator internus (triceps coxae)
A
Origin: ischiopubic rami, obturator membrane
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: hip ER+ ABD
Nerve: N. to superior gemellus + obturator internus (VR L5-S2)
Perfusion: inferior gluteal aa/vv
8
Q
Inferior Gemellus (triceps coxae)
A
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: greater trochanter ( via obturator internus tendon)
Action: Hip ER
Nerve: N. to inferior gemellus + quadratus femoris (VR L4-S1)
Perfusion: Inferior gluteal aa/vv
9
Q
Quadratus Femoris
A
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: intertrochanteric crest Action: Hip ER Nerve: N. to inferior gemellus + quadratus femoris (VR L4-S1) Perfusion: Inferior gluteal aa/vv
10
Q
Semitendinosus
A
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: medial tibia (pes anserinus) Action: Hip ER, leg FLX + IR Nerve: Tibial portion of sciatic (VR L4-S3) Perfusion: Profundus Femoris
11
Q
Semimembranosus
A
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial tibia (pes anserinus) Action: Hip ER, leg FLX + IR Nerve: Tibial portion of sciatic (VR L4-S3) Perfusion: Profundus Femoris
12
Q
Biceps femoris long head
A
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: head of fibula Action: Hip ER, leg FLX + IR Nerve: Tibial portion of sciatic (VR L4-S3) Perfusion: Profundus Femoris
13
Q
Biceps Femoris Short Head
A
Origin: linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line
Insertion: head of fibula
Action: Leg FLX+ ER
Nerve: common fibular division of sciatic (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: profundus femoris
14
Q
iliacus
A
Origin: iliac fossa, ala of sacrum (anterior sacroiliac ligament, iliac crest) Insertion: lesser trochanter Action: Hip FLX Nerve: Femoral ( VR L2-L4) Perfusion: external iliac aa/vv
15
Q
Psoas Major
A
Origin: transverse processes, intervertebral disks and bodies of T12-L5
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Action: hip, trunk FLX
Nerve: Subcostal Nerve (VR T 12 , VR L1-L3)
Perfusion: 12th anterior intercostal aa/vv, 1-3 lumbar aa/vv
16
Q
Psoas Minor
A
Origin: Bodies and intervertebral disks of T12-L1
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Action: aids in trunk FLX
Nerve: Subcostal Nerve (VR T 12 , VR L1-L3)
Perfusion: 12th anterior intercostal aa/vv, 1-3 lumbar aa/vv
17
Q
Iliopsoas
A
Origin: iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, transverse processes + intervertebral disks and bodies of T12-L5 Insertion: lesser trochanter Action: Hip Flx Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4) Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
18
Q
Sartorious
A
Origin: Anterior- superior iliac spine Insertion: Medial tibia (pes anserinus) Action: Hip FLX + ER + ABD; leg FLX + IR Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4) Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
19
Q
Rectus Femoris ( quadriceps femoris)
A
Origin: anterior-inferior iliac spine, posterior superior rim of acetabulum
Insertion: base of patella, tibial tuberosity
Action: Hip FLX; Leg EXT
Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4)
Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
20
Q
Vastus Medialis ( quadriceps femoris)
A
Origin: intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, medial intermuscular septum
Insertion: medial side of patella, tibial tuberosity
Action: Leg EXT
Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4)
Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
21
Q
Vastus lateralis (Quadriceps Femoris)
A
Origin: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, lateral intermuscular septum
Insertion: lateral side of patella, tibial tuberosity
Action: leg EXT
Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4)
Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
22
Q
Vastus Intermedius (quadriceps femoris)
A
Origin: upper shaft of femur, lower lateral intermuscular septum
Insertion: upper border of patella, tibial tuberosity
Action: Leg EXT
Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4)
Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
23
Q
Pectineus
A
Origin: pectineal line of pubis Insertion: pectineal line of femur Action: Hip ADD, FLx Nerve: Femoral + obturator (VR L2-L4) Perfusion: Femoral + obturator aa/vv
24
Q
Articularis Genu
A
Origin: distal femur Insertion: suprapatellar bursa Action: pulls suprapatella bursa superiorly Nerve: Femoral (VR L2-L4) Perfusion: Femoral aa/vv
25
Adductor Longus
```
Origin: body of pubis
Insertion: middle third of linea aspera
Action: Hip ADD, FLX
Nerve: Obturator (VR (L2-L4)
Perfusion: obturator aa/vv
```
26
Adductor brevis
```
Origin: body and inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: pectineal line of femur, upper part of linea aspera
Action: Hip ADD, FLX
Nerve: Obturator (VR (L2-L4)
Perfusion: obturator aa/vv
```
27
Adductor magnus
Origin: ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
Action: Hip ADD, FLX
Nerve: Obturator (VR (L2-L4) Sciatic (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: obturator + profundus femoris aa/vv
28
Gracilis
```
Origin: Body and inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: medial tibia (pes anserinus
Action: Hip ADD + FLX; leg FLX + IR
Nerve: Obturator (VR (L2-L4)
Perfusion: obturator aa/vv
```
29
Obturator Externus
Origin: margin of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
Insertion: intertrochanteric fossa of femur
Action: Hip ER, ADD
Nerve: Obturator (VR (L2-L4)
Perfusion: obturator aa/vv
30
Anterior Tibialis
Origin: lateral tibial condyle, interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of first metatarsal, medial cuniform
Action: Foot DF+ INV
Nerve: Deep fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: anterior tibial aa/vv
31
Extensor Digitorum Longus
```
Origin: lateral tibial condyle, interosseous membrane
Insertion: #2-5 extensor expansion hood
Action: Foot DF, EXT 2-5 MTP, PIP, DIP
Nerve: Deep fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: anterior tibial aa/vv
```
32
Extensor Hallucis Longus
```
Origin: Fibula, Interosseous membrane
Insertion: first extensor expansion hood
Action: Food DF; EXT 2-5 MTP, PIP, DIP
Nerve: Deep fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: anterior tibial aa/vv
```
33
Fibularis Tertius
```
Origin: Fibula, Interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of 5th metatarsal
Action: Foot DF+ EV
Nerve: Deep fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: anterior tibial aa/vv
```
34
Fibularis Longus
```
Origin: fibular head
Insertion: base of first metatarsal, medial cuneiform
Action: Foot EV + PF
Nerve: Superficail fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: fibular aa/vv
```
35
Fibularis Brevis
```
Origin: fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal
Action: Foot EV + PF
Nerve: Superficail fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: fibular aa/vv
```
36
Gastrocnemius (triceps surae)
Origin: lateral and medial femoral condyles
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneus (achilles tendon)
Action: leg FLX; foot PF
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
37
Soleus (triceps surae)
Origin: fibular head, soleal line of tibia
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneus (achilles tendon)
Action: foot PF
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
38
Plantaris (triceps surae)
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of femur + obluique popliteal ligament
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneus (achilles tendon)
Action: Leg FLX; foot PF
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
39
Posterior tibialis
Origin: interosseous membrane, upper tibia and fibula
Insertion: navicular tuberosity, three cuneiforms, cuboid bone, bases of metatarsals 2-4, sustentalculum tali
Action: foot PF + INV
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
40
Flexor digitorum longus
```
Origin: posterior tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion: distal phalanges 2-5
Action: foot PF; FLX 2-5 MTP, PIP, DIP
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
```
41
Flexor Hallucis Longus
```
Origin: fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: first distal phalanx
Action: foor PF' FLX 1st MTP and IP
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: posterior tibial aa/vv
```
42
Popliteus
```
Origin: lateral condyle of femur, oblique popliteal ligament, lateral meniscus
Insertion: posterior tibia
Action: unlock knee
Nerve: Tibial (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: popliteal aa/vv
```
43
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
```
Origin: Dorsal Calcaneus
Insertion: first extensor expansion hood
Action: EXT 1st IP of foot and MTP
Nerve: Deep fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: Dorsal pedis aa/vv
```
44
Extensor digitorum brevis
```
Origin: Dorsal Calcaneus
Insertion: 2-5 extensor expansion hood
Action: EXT 2-5 MTP, PIP, and DIP
Nerve: Deep Fibular (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: dorsal pedis aa/vv
```
45
Abductor Hallucis
```
Origin: Calcaneus
Insertion: 1st proximal phalanx
Action: ABD big toe
Nerve: medial plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: medial plantar aa/vv
```
46
Abductor digiti minimi
```
Origin: Calcaneus
Insertion: 5th Proximal Phalange
Action: ABD little toe
Nerve: lateral plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: lateral plantar aa/vv
```
47
Flexor digitorum brevis (first layer)
```
Origin: Calcaneus
Insertion: middle phalanges 2-5
Action: FLX 2-5 MTP and PIP
Nerve: medial plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: medial plantar aa/vv
```
48
flexor hallucis brevis
```
Origin: cuboid, lateral cuneiform
Insertion: 1st proximal phalanx
Action: FLX 1st MTP
Nerve: medial plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: medial plantar aa/vv
```
49
Flexor digiti minimi brevis (second layer)
```
Origin: base of 5th Metatarsal
Insertion: 5th proximal phalange
Action: FLX 5th MTP
Nerve: lateral plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: lateral plantar aa/vv
```
50
Quadratus plantae (second layer)
```
Origin: calcaneus
Insertion: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Action: aid FDL actions (foot arch)
Nerve: Lateral Plantar (VR L4-S3)
Perfusion: lateral plantar aa/vv
```
51
lumbricals
Origin: tendons of flexor digitorum
Insertion: 2-5 extensor expansion hood
Action: FLx 2-5 MTP; EXT 2-5 PIP and DIP
Nerve: #1 lumbrical medial plantar n (VR L4-S3) #2-4 lateral plantar L4-S3
Perfusion: #1 lumbrical medial plantar aa/vv, #2-4 lumbricals lateral plantar
52
Adductor hallucis
```
Origin: Transverse: metatarsals 2-5; Oblique metatarrsals 2-4
Insertion: 1st proximal phalanx
Action: ADD big toe
Nerve: lateral plantar VR L4-S3
Perfusion: lateral plantar aa/vv
```
53
Dorsal interosseous (4)
```
Origin: all metatarsals
Insertion: proximal phlanage 2-4
Action: ABD digits 1,3,4,5 from digit 2 (at MTP)
Nerve: lateral plantar VR L4-S3
Perfusion: lateral plantar
```
54
plantar interosseous
```
Origin: medial aspect of metatarsals 3-5
Insertion: proximal phalange 3-5
Action: ADD digits 3-5 (at MTP)
Nerve: lateral plantar VR L4-S3
Perfusion: lateral plantar aa/vv
```
55
Trapezius
Origin: External occipital protuberance, superior nucheal line, SPs C7-T12
Insertion: Scapular spine, acromion, clavicle
Action: depresses, elveates, ADD, rotates scapula
Nerve: CN XI spinal accessory, spinal cord segments C1-C4
Perfusion: transverse cervical aa/vv
56
Levator scapulae
```
Origin: TP C1-C4
Insertion: medial scapular border
Action: elevates scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular (DR C3-C5 )
Perfusion: dorsal scapular aa/vv
```
57
Rhomboids major
```
Origin: SP T2-T5
Insertion: medial scapular border
Action: ADD scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular (DR C3-C5 )
Perfusion: dorsal scapular aa/vv
```
58
Rhomboids minor
```
Origin: SP C7-T1
Insertion: medial scapular border
Action: Add scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular (DR C3-C5 )
Perfusion: dorsal scapular aa/vv
```
59
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: SP T7-T12, thorcodorsal fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12
Insertion: intertuburcular groove or bicipital groove of humerus
Action: Add, Ext, IR, depresse scapula
Nerve: Thoracodorsal (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: thoracodorsal aa/vv
60
Serratus posterior superrior
Origin: nuchal ligament, suprspinosus ligament, spines of C7-T3
Insertion: ribs 2-5
Action: elevates ribs (inspiration)
Nerve: posterior intercostal nn 2-5 (DR T2-T5)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal aa/vv 2-5
61
serratus posterior inferior
Origin: supraspinous ligament, spines of T11-L2
Insertion: Ribs 9-12
Action: depresses ribs (expiration)
Nerve: posterior intercostal nn 9-12 (DR T9-T12)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal aa/vv 9-12
62
serratus posterior inferior
Origin: supraspinous ligament, spines of T11-L2
Insertion: Ribs 9-12
Action: depresses ribs (expiration)
Nerve: posterior intercostal nn 9-12 (DR T9-T12)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal aa/vv 9-12
63
Splenius capitis
Origin: nuchal ligament, SP C7-T13
Insertion: mastoid process, superrior nuchal line
Action: bilateral: extend head, unilateral; ipsilateral flexion (SB)
Nerve: deep cervical (DR C3-C8)
Perfusion: deep cervical aa/vv
64
splenius cervicis
```
Origin: nuchal ligament, SP T3-T6
Insertion: TP C1-C3
Action: bilateral: extend head/neck , unilateral; ipsilateral flexion (SB)
Nerve: deep cervical (DR C3-C8)
Perfusion: deep cervical aa/vv
```
65
iliocostalis-cervicis, thoracis, lumborum (erector spinae)
Origin: tendon on iliac crest, suprspinosus ligament, lumbar and sacral SPs, sacrum
Insertion:
Action: bilateral; extend spine, ipsilateral; ipsilateral flexion (SB)
Nerve: lumborum (lumbar nerve DR L1-L5) thoracic (posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis ( deep cervical DR C3-C8)
Perfusion: lumborum :lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercostal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis: deep cervical aa/vv
66
longissimus-capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
Origin: tendon on iliac crest, suprspinosus ligament, lumbar and sacral SPs, sacrum
Insertion: ribs, TP in thoracic and cervical region, capitis inserts on mastoid process
Action: bilateral; extend spine, ipsilateral; ipsilateral flexion (SB)
Nerve: lumborum (lumbar nerve DR L1-L5) thoracic (posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis ( deep cervical DR C3-C8)
Perfusion: lumborum :lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercostal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis: deep cervical aa/vv
67
spinalis- capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum (Erector Spinae)
Origin: tendon on iliac crest, suprspinosus ligament, lumbar and sacral SPs, sacrum
Insertion: SPs of thoracic and cervical region; capitis inserts on superior nuchal line
Action: bilateral; extend spine, ipsilateral; ipsilateral flexion (SB)
Nerve: lumborum (lumbar nerve DR L1-L5) thoracic (posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis ( deep cervical DR C3-C8)
Perfusion: lumborum :lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercostal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis: deep cervical aa/vv
68
rectus capitis posterior minor capitis
```
Origin: C1 posterior tubercle
Insertion: inferior nuchal line
Action: bilateral: extend head, ipsilateral: ipsilateral flexion (SB) of head/neck
Nerve: suboccipital DR C1
Perfusion: vertebral aa/vv
```
69
rectus capitis posterior major
```
Origin: SP C2
Insertion: inferior nuchal line
Action: bilateral: extend head, ipsilateral: ipsilateral flexion (SB) of head/neck
Nerve: suboccipital DR C1
Perfusion: vertebral aa/vv
```
70
inferior capitis oblique
```
Origin: SP C2
Insertion: TP C1
Action: bilateral: extend head, ipsilateral: ipsilateral flexion (SB) of head/neck
Nerve: suboccipital DR C1
Perfusion: vertebral aa/vv
```
71
Superior capitis oblique
```
Origin: TP C1
Insertion: inferior nuchal line
Action: bilateral: extend head, ipsilateral: ipsilateral flexion (SB) of head/neck
Nerve: suboccipital DR C1
Perfusion: vertebral aa/vv
```
72
Semispinalis- capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
Origin: TP C4-T12 but all TPs
Insertion: 6 SPs above
Action: bilateral: extend spine, unilateral: contrelateral ROT nect
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
73
multifidus- capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum (transverospinal)
Origin: TPs; lumborum includes sacrum and ilium
Insertion: 4 SPs above
Action: bilateral: extend spine, unilateral: contrelateral ROT nect
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
74
Rotatores longus - capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum ( transverospinal
Origin: TPs
Insertion: 2 SPs aboce
Action: bilateral: extend spine, unilateral: contrelateral ROT nect
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
75
Rotatores brevis- capitis, cervivis, thoracis, lumborum (transverospinal)
Origin: TPs
Insertion: 1 SP above
Action: bilateral: extend spine, unilateral: contrelateral ROT nect
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
76
Levator costarum longus
```
Origin: TPs C7-T11
Insertion: 2 ribs below
Action: elevate rib cage
Nerve: posterior intercostal (DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal aa/vv
```
77
levator costarum brevis
```
Origin: TPs C7-T11
Insertion: 1 ribs below
Action: elevate rib cage
Nerve: posterior intercostal (DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal aa/vv
```
78
Interspinalis- cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
Origin: SPs
Insertion: SPs
Action: aid in EXT
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
79
Intertransversarius- cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
Origin: TPs
Insertion: TPs
Action: aid in lateral FLX
Nerve: lumborum: lumbar DR L1-L5, thoracic: posterior intercostal DR T1-T12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical DR c3-C8
Perfusion: lumborum: lumbar aa/vv 1-5, thoracic: posterior intercoastal aa/vv 1-12, cervicis/capitis: deep cervical aa/vv
80
Quadratus Lumborum
Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: 12th rib
Aciton: depresses rib cage, ipsilateral flexion
Nerve: subcostal n VR T12, VR L1-L3
Perfusion: 1-3 lumbar aa/vv, 12th anterior intercostal aa/vv
81
Platysma (cervical)
Origin: superficial fascia over upper deltoid and pectoralis major
Insertion: mandible, skin/muscles over mandible and angle of mouth
Aciton: depresses lower jaw, lip, and angle of mouth, wrinkles on neck
Nerve: CN VII facial cervical branch
Perfusion: occipital aa/vv
82
sternocleidomastoid
Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process
Aciton: bilaterally: FLX head/neck, contralateral ROTof head/neck
Nerve: CNXI spinal accesory, C1-C4 spinal cord segments
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
83
digastric anterior belly (suprahyoid)
```
Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Aciton: colitional swallowing
Nerve: CN III trigeminal mandibular division
Perfusion: superiror thyroid aa/vv
```
84
digastric posterior belly
```
Origin: hyoid
Insertion: mastoid process
Aciton: colitional swallowing
Nerve: CN VII facial nn mandibular branch
Perfusion: superiror thyroid aa/vv
```
85
mylohyoid
```
Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Aciton: colitional swallowing
Nerve: CN III trigeminal mandibular division
Perfusion: superiror thyroid aa/vv
```
86
stylohyoid
```
Origin: styloid process
Insertion: hyoid
Aciton: colitional swallowing
Nerve: CN VII facial mandibular branch
Perfusion: superiror thyroid aa/vv
```
87
geniohyoid
```
Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Aciton: colitional swallowing
Nerve: CN XII hypoglosseal nn
Perfusion: superiror thyroid aa/vv
```
88
Sternohyoid (infrahyoid)
```
Origin: sternum
Insertion: hyoid
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
89
sternothyroid
```
Origin: sternum
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
90
thyrohyoid
```
Origin: thyroid cartilage
Insertion: hyoid
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
91
Omohyoid inferior belly
```
Origin: suprscapular notch or suprascapular ligament
Insertion: intermediate tendon
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
92
omohyoid superior belly
```
Origin: intermediate tendons
Insertion: hyoid
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
93
cricothyroid
```
Origin: crico cartilage (on larynx)
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: Volitional swallowing
Nerve: ansa cervicales VR C1-C4
Perfusion: inferior thyroid aa/vv
```
94
Anterior scalene
```
Origin: TPs C3-C6
Insertion: 1st rib
Action: elevates 1st rib; bends neck
Nerve: VR C5-C6
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
95
Middle scalene
```
Origin: TPs C2-C7
Insertion: 1st rib
Action: elevates 1st rib, bends neck
Nerve: VR C3-C8
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
96
Posterior Scalene
```
Origin: TPs C5-C7
Insertion: 2nd rib
Action: elevates second rib, bend neck
Nerve: VR C6-C8
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
97
Longus Capitis
```
Origin: TPs C3-C6
Insertion: occipital bone
Action: bilateral: erection, flecion, protract head
Nerve: VR c1-C4
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
98
longus colli- cervicis
Origin: TP C3-T3
Insertion: anterior bodies of C2-C6, anterior tubercle of C1
Action: Bilateral: erection, flexion, protract head, Unilateral: contrelateral rotation
Nerve: VR C2-C8
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
99
Rectus capitis anterior
```
Origin: TP C1
Insertion: occipital bone
Action: bilateral: FLX; ipsilateral flexion of head
Nerve: VR C1-C2
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
100
rectus capitis lateralis
```
Origin: TP C1
Insertion: occipital bone
Action: bilateral: FLX; ipsilateral flexion of head
Nerve: VR C1-C2
Perfusion: Occipital aa/vv
```
101
Pectoralis Major (Anterior Chest)
Origin: calvicle, manubrium, sternum, costal caritlage
Insertion: intertuburcular groove of humerus
Action: FLX, ADD, and internal rotation of arm
Nerve: medial + lateral pectoral n (VR C15-T1)
Perfusion: pectoral aa/vv
102
Pectoralis minor (Anterior Chest)
```
Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process
Action: depresses scapula, elevates ribs
Nerve: medial + lateral pectoral nn. (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: pectoral aa/vv
```
103
Serratus anterior (Anterior Chest)
```
Origin: ribs 2-8
Insertion:medial scapula border
Action: brings scapula towards rib cage and protraction
Nerve: long thoracic nn (VR C5-C7)
Perfusion: lateral thoracic aa/vv
```
104
Subclavius (anterior chest)
```
Origin: costal cartilage of rib 1
Insertion: clavicle
Action: depresses lateral part of clavicle
Nerve: nerve to subclavius (VR C5-C6)
Perfusion: clavicular aa/vv
```
105
External intercostal (intercostals)
Origin: rib
Insertion: rib
Action:
Nerve: anterior intercostal nn (VR T1-T12) posteriror intercostal (DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: anterior + posterior intercostal aa/vv
*front pocket striations*
106
Internal intercostals (intercostals)
Origin: rib
Insertion: rib
Action: expiration
Nerve: anterior intercostal nn (VR T1-T12) posteriror intercostal (DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: anterior + posterior intercostal aa/vv
*back pocket striations*
107
subscapularis (posterior chest)
```
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle
Action: ADD, IR of shoulder
Nerve: upper and lower subscapular nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: subscapular aa/vv
```
108
Transverse thoracis
```
Origin: sternum, xiphoid process
Insertion: ribs 2-6
Action: expiration
Nerve: anterior intercostal nn 2-6 (VR T2-T6)
Perfusion:anterior intercostal aa/vv 2-6
```
109
innermost intercostal (intercostals)
Origin: rib
Insertion: rib
Action: inspiration
Nerve: anterior intercostal nn (VR T1-T12) posteriror intercostal (DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: anterior + posterior intercostal aa/vv
*up/down striations*
110
Subcostalis (intercostal)
```
Origin: ribs
Insertion: ribs (2-3 levels inferior)
Action: inspiration
Nerve: posterior intercostal nn ( DR T1-T12)
Perfusion: posterior intercostal nn
```
111
Deltoid (posterior chest)
Origin: clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: anteiror head: FLX, IR, middle head: ABD (>15 degrees), posterior head: EXT, ER
Nerve: axillary nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: deltoid aa/vv
112
Supraspinatus (posterior chest)
```
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: ABD shoulder (between 0-15 degrees)
Nerve: sprascapular nn (VR C5-C6)
Perfusion: suprascapular aa/vv
```
113
Infraspinatus
```
Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: ER shoulder
Nerve: suprascapular (VR C5-C6)
Perfusion: suprascapular aa/vv
```
114
teres major (posterior chest)
```
Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: ADD, IR of shoulder
Nerve: lower subscapular (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: circumflex scapular aa/vv
```
115
teres minor (posterior chest)
```
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: ER of shoulder
Nerve: axilalary nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: circumflex scapular
```
116
Biceps brachii (short head) [anterior arm]
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity via bicepital aponeurosis
Action: FLX shoulder; supinate and FLX elbow
Nerve: musculocutaneous (VR C5-C7)
Perfusion: brachial aa/vv
117
Biceps Brachii (long head) [anterior arm]
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: radial tuberosity via bicepital aponeurosis
Action: FLX shoulder; supinate and FLX elbow
Nerve: musculocutaneous (VR C5-C7)
Perfusion: brachial aa/vv
118
Coracobrachialis [anterior arm]
```
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: humerus
Action: FLX, ADD shoulder
Nerve: musculocutaneous (VR C5-C7)
Perfusion: brachial aa/vv
```
119
Brachialis [anterior arm]
```
Origin: humerus
Insertion: coronoid process, ulnar tuberosity
Action: FLX elbow, pronates
Nerve: musculocutaneous (VR C5-C7)
Perfusion: brachial aa/vv
```
120
Tricep brachii (long head) [posterior arm]
```
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: Olecranon process
Action: EXT elbow; EXT shoulder
Nerve: radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: profoundus brachii aa/vv
```
121
Tricep brachii (lateral head) [posterior arm]
```
Origin: superior radial groove
Insertion: Olecranon process
Action: EXT elbow
Nerve: radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: profoundus brachii aa/vv
```
122
Tricep brachii (medial head) [posterior arm]
```
Origin: inferior radial grooce
Insertion: Olecranon process
Action: EXT elbow; EXT shoulder
Nerve: radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: profoundus brachii aa/vv
```
123
Anconeus [posterior arm]
```
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process
Action: EXT elbow; EXT shoulder
Nerve: radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: profoundus brachii aa/vv
```
124
Pronator teres [superficial anterior forearm]
```
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: radius
Action: pronates and FLX elbow
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
```
125
Flexor carpi radialis [superfical anterior forearm]
```
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: metacarpals 2-3
Action: FLX elbow; FlX and radial deviation of hand
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
```
126
Palmaris longus [superior anterior forearm]
```
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: flexor retinaculum _ palmar aponeurosis
Action: FLX elbow; FLX hand
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
```
127
Flexor digitorum superficialis [superior anterior forearm]
```
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: middle phalanges 2-5
Action: FLX MCP/PIP 2-5, FLX hand; FLX elbow
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
```
128
Flexor carpi ulnaris [superficial anterior forearm]
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: 5th metcarpal, hook of hamate, pisiform
Action: FLX elbow; FL and ulnar deviation
Nerve: ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
129
Flexor pollicis longus [deep anterior forearm]
Origin: radius, interosseous membrane
Insertion: distal phlange 1st digit
Action: FLX wrist; FLX MCP/IP of digit 1
Nerve: anterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: anterior interosseus aa/vv
130
Flexor digitorum profundus [ deep anterior forearm]
Origin: ulna, interosseous membrane
Insertion: distal phlanges 2-5
Action: FLX wrist; FLX MCP/PIP/ DIP of digits 2-5
Nerve: anterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1), ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: anterior interosseus aa/vv
131
Pronator Quadratus [Deep anterior forearm]
```
Origin: distal ulna
Insertion: distal radius
Action: pronation of wrist
Nerve: anterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: anterior interosseus aa/vv
```
132
Brachioradialis [ superficial posterior forearm]
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: radial styloid process
Action: FLX elbow, pronate/supinate forearm
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
133
Extensor carpi radialis longus superficial posterior forearm]
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: 2nd metacarpal
Action: EXT elbow; EXT and radial deviation of hand
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
134
Extensor carpi radialis brevis [superficial posterior frorearm]
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: 3rd metacarpal
Action: EXT elbow; EXT and radial deviation of hand
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
135
Extensor digitorum communis [superior posterior forearm]
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: extensor expansion hood 2-5
Action: EXT MCP/PIP/DIP digits 2-5; EXT hand; EXT elbow
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
136
Extensor digit minimi [superficial posteriror forearm]
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: extensor expanison hood 5
Action: EXT 5th digit; EXT hand, EXT elbow
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
137
Extensor carpi ulnaris [superficial posterior forearm]
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: 5th metacarpal
Action: EXT and ulnar deviation of hand; EXT elbow
Nerve: deep radial nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: radial + ulnar aa/vv
138
Supinator [deep posterior forearm]
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: radius
Action: supination
Nerve: posterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: posterior interosseous aa/vv
139
Extensor indicis [Deep posterior forearm]
Origin: interosseous membrane, ulna
Insertion: extensor expansion hood 2
Action: EXT wrist; EXT MCP/PIP/ DIP of index finger
Nerve: posterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: posterior interosseous aa/vv
140
Extensor pollicis longus [deep posterior forearm]
```
Origin: interosseous membrane, ulna
Insertion: extensor expansion hood 1
Action: EXT MCP/IP of thumb; EXT hand
Nerve: posterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: posterior interosseous aa/vv
```
141
Extensor pollicis brevis [deep posterior forearm]
```
Origin: interosseous membrane, radius
Insertion: extensor expansion hood 1
Action: EXT MCP/IP of thumb; EXT hand
Nerve: posterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: posterior interosseous aa/vv
```
142
abductor pollicis longus [deep posterior forearm]
Origin: interosseous membrane, ulna, radius
Insertion: 1st metacarpal
Action: EXT, ABD of 1st digit; EXT hand
Nerve: posterior interosseous nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: posterior interosseous aa/vv
143
Palmaris brevis
Origin: flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis
Insertion: skin of palmar hand
Action: wrinkles of skin on medial side- helps you cup your hand
Nerve: superficial ulna nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: ulnar aa/vv
144
Abductor pollicis brevis [Hand-thenar]
Origin: flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
Insertion: 1st proximal phalange
Action: ABD thumb
Nerve: median nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
145
Flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head) [Hand-thenar]
```
Origin: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
Insertion: 1st proximal phlange
Action: FLX MCP 1
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
146
Flexor pollicics brevis (deep head) [hand-thenar]
```
Origin: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
Insertion: 1st proximal phalange
Action: FLX MCP 1
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
147
Opponens pollicis [hand-thenar]
```
Origin: flexor retinaculum
Insertion: 1st metacarpal
Action: opposition of thumb
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
148
Abductor digit minimi [hand- hypothenar]
Origin: pisiform, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
Insertion: 5th proximal phalange
Action: ABD little finger
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
149
Flexor digiti minimi brevis [hand-hypothenar]
Origin: flexor retinaculum, hook of hamate
Insertion: 5th proximal phalange
Action: FLX MCP 5
Nerve: deep ulnar (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
150
Opponenes digiti minimi [hand-hypothenar]
Origin: flexor retinaculum, hook of hamate
Insertion: 5th metacarpal
Action: opposition of little finger
Nerve: deep ulnar (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
151
Lumbricals (1-2) [hand- valley]
Origin: flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Insertion: extension expansion hood 2-3
Action: FLX MCP 2-3, EXT PIP/DIP 2-3
Nerve: median nn (VR C5-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and depp palmar arches aa/vv
152
Lumbricals mm (3-4) [hand-valley]
Origin: flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Insertion: extension expansion hood 4-5
Action: FLX MCP 4-5, EXT PIP/DIP 4-5
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and depp palmar arches aa/vv
153
Adductor pollicis (transverse head) [hand-valley]
```
Origin: metacarpal 3
Insertion: 1st proximal phlange
Action: ADD thumb
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
154
Adductor pollicis (oblique head) [hand-valley]
```
Origin: capitate, metacarpals2-3
Insertion: 1st proximal phalange
Action: ADD thumb
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
155
Palmar interossei (3) (hand- valley)
```
Origin: metacarpals 2,4,5
Insertion: proximal phalanges 2,4,5
Action: ADD digits 2,4,5
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: superficial and deep palmar arches aa/vv
```
156
Dorsal interossei (4) (Hand- Valley)
```
Origin: metcarpals 1-5
Insertion: proximal phalanges 2-4
Action: ABD digits 2-4
Nerve: deep ulnar nn (VR C8-T1)
Perfusion: dorsal arches aa/vv
```
157
Rectus abdominus (abdominals)
Origin: pubic crest and pubic symphysis
Insertion:xiphoid process and costal carilage (5-7)
Action: FLX trunk, forced expiration
Nerve: thoracoabdominal VR T7-T11 + subcostal VR T12
Perfusion: superiror and inferior epigastric aa/vv
158
External abdominal oblique (abdominals)
Origin: ribs 5-12
Insertion: iliac crast, ASIS, pubic bone, linea alba
Action: compresses abdomen, FLX trunk, forced expiration
Nerve: thoracoabdominal VR T7-T11 + subcostal VR T12
Perfusion: superiror and inferior epigastric aa/vv
159
Internal abdominal oblique (abdominals)
Origin: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba, pubic bone, costal cartialge 9-12
Action: compresses abdomen, FLX trunk, forced expiration
Nerve: thoracoabdominal VR T7-T11 + subcostal VR T12
Perfusion: superiror and inferior epigastric aa/vv
160
Transverse abdominus (abdominals)
Origin: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, costal cartilages 7-12
Insertion: linea alba, pubic bone
Action: compresses abdomen, FLX trunk, forced expiration
Nerve: thoracoabdominal VR T7-T11 + subcostal VR T12
Perfusion: superiror and inferior epigastric aa/vv
161
Pyramidalis (abdominals)
Origin: pubic bone
Insertion: linea alba
Action: tenses linea alba
Nerve: thoracoabdominal VR T7-T11 + subcostal VR T12
Perfusion: superiror and inferior epigastric aa/vv
162
Superficail Transverse perineal (pelvic floor-urogenital trangle)
```
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:
Nerve: Pudendal VR (S2-S4)
Perfusion: internal pudendal, external pudendal (deep and superficial) aa/vv
```
163
Deep transverse perineal (pelvic floor-urogenital triangle)
```
Origin:
Insertion:
Action: urination genitalia
Nerve: Pudendal VR (S2-S4)
Perfusion: internal pudendal, external pudendal (deep and superficial) aa/vv
```
