ALL Learning Objectives

Question 1

Define health informatics and eHealth.

Question 2

Define the different stages of information hierarchy and provide clinical examples of each level.

Question 3

Define the different levels of data and be able to identify a given piece of data based on its level.

Question 4

Describe the flow of health data and provide examples of possible sources.

Question 5

Identify the possible advantages and disadvantages of using technology in practice.

Question 6

Provide examples of barriers to the utilization of technology in practice.

Question 7

Describe the 4 main types of networks and be able to provide unique characteristics of each.

Question 8

Identify one example of each of the 4 main types of networks and where they might be seen in practice.

Question 9

Define the Internet, World Wide Web, bandwidth, packet loss and latency.

Question 10

List the reasons why the Internet is the preferred network for accessing and transmitting data.

Question 11

Explain the concept of service-oriented architecture and how it could be used in healthcare.

Question 12

List the 3 benefits that a service-oriented architecture will enable.

Question 13

Explain the 3 pillars of security: confidentiality, availability and integrity.

Question 14

Provide at least 3 examples of security tools that can help deter and prevent security breaches.

Question 15

List 3 reasons why a system may have varying degrees of authentication.

Question 16

Discuss at least 3 ways to ensure authentication, including biometrics, single-sign on, and smart card systems.

Question 17

Define a digital signature and a wet signature.

Question 18

Recall 3 reasons why hackers my target health organizations.

Question 19

List at least 5 ways to protect data.

Question 20

Explain the difference between descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analytics.

Question 21

Define the concept of data mining and personalized medicine as forms of data analytics.

Question 22

Identify 3 limitations and challenges of healthcare data analytics.

Question 23

Discuss the role electronic health records play in healthcare data analytics

Question 24

Compare and contrast an electronic health record (EHR), from an electronic medical record (EMR) and a personal health record (PHR).

Question 25

List the 8 key components of an EHR.

Question 26

List 4 advantages to using an EHR over paper-based record keeping.

Question 27

List one disadvantage to using an EHR over paper-based record keeping.

Question 28

Recall 3 reasons why Indigenous Knowledges do not fall under copyright protection.

Question 29

Describe 6 different types of Data from Indigenous communities.

Question 30

Define 3 principles of Indigenous data sovereignty.

Question 31

Explain free, prior, and informed consent as it relates to ethical care of Indigenous data.

Question 32

Define computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) in contrast to ePrescribing.

Question 33

Explain how CPOE is connected with different sets of data and information systems as part of an electronic health record.

Question 34

Explain one reason why the use of CPOE can lead to more problems.

Question 35

List 3 possible problems with the use of CPOE.

Question 36

Provide examples of the processes and features of an EHR including demographic information, documenting a clinical encounter, submitting a lab requisition, creating a new prescription and billing.

Question 37

Describe the workflow of the push vs pull ePrescribing.

Question 38

List 1 important consideration from the prescriber and the dispenser point of view in both the push and pull ePrescribing workflow.

Question 39

Describe the differences in characteristics, priorities, goals, and when to use transactional vs. analytical data.

Question 40

Describe the three core components of databases.

Question 41

List 4 reasons why primary and foreign keys are necessary.

Question 42

Define database management systems.

Question 43

Recall database management system language, how data is stored, manipulated and retrieved.

Question 44

Define the term alias as it relates to databases.

Question 45

Compare and contrast the key concepts of syntax and semantics and be able to provide one example of each.

Question 46

Define transport and content standards.

Question 47

Provide 1 advantage of SNOMED over ICD9.

Question 48

Provide 3 examples of common myths/problems when choosing an EHR system.

Question 49

Provide 1 example of how technology can enable and inhibit collaborative practice and explain how this applies to software design.

Question 50

Describe one advantage of using an EHR for administrative functions and be able to apply this to examples in practice.

Question 51

Define the goal of medication administration systems including the “5 rights.”

Question 52

List and explain 2 examples of how medication distribution and administration can be controlled by healthcare providers in the outpatient setting.

Question 53

Describe 3 pros/cons of medication distribution and administration for both the community and institutional setting that impacts the way technology is used.

Question 54

Explain 3 reasons why an eMAR may be better than a traditional MAR.

Question 55

Describe a closed-loop medication system.

Question 56

Provide up to 3 examples of requirements for PPMS as outlined by NAPRA.

Question 57

Provide examples of the processes and features of PPMS including patient information and drug module including inventory management.

Question 58

Explain 1 reason why having an accurate inventory system can improve pharmacy business.

Question 59

Compare and contrast wholesale vs store monitored inventory systems.

Question 60

Define AIDC and what the process and role is related to inventory systems.

Question 61

Describe the 3 key principles of Generation 2 (GEN 2) Drig Information System (PharmaNet)

Question 62

Recall that CeRX is the Pan-Canadian Electronic Drug Messaging Standard for Drug Information Systems

Question 63

List 3 enabling features of PharmaNet.

Question 64

List 3 possible examples why a medication provided in BC may not appear on PharmaNet.

Question 65

Describe the pieces of information that are collected by PharmaNet and how a patient can restrict access to their profile.

Question 66

List the 3 security features that limit and monitor PharmaNet use.

Question 67

Recall that PharmaNet is not an optional service for any prescriptions filled in BC.

Question 68

Recall that PharmaNet is not an optional service for any prescriptions filled in BC.

Question 69

Define health information access layer (HIAL) and provide 2 examples of services that HIAL systems should be capable of doing.

Question 70

Compare and contrast HIAL with one-by-one service systems and provide 2 reasons why HIAL systems may be better.

Question 71

Recall 3 principles in the medication safety culture.

Question 72

Explain the three broad factors in human engineering to reduce medication errors.

Question 73

Recall the hierarchy of effectiveness and the order of steps from less to more effective in improving medication safety.

Question 74

Define consumer health informatics (CHI).

Question 75

List and explain 4 factors that have contributed to the growth of CHI.

Question 76

Define digital health literacy.

Question 77

Recall the general state of medical information available online and on medical talk shows based on current available evidence.

Question 78

Describe 6 common features of a patient portal.

Question 79

List 3 pros/cons that are similar with personal health records and electronic health records.

Question 80

List 3 barriers to adopting personal health records.

Question 81

Describe the different functions of mobile apps that can be used in healthcare.

Question 82

Identify important characteristics that should be used to evaluate mobile apps.

Question 83

Discuss the limitations of the use of mobile apps in the clinical setting.

Question 84

Define 3 different technology-enabled alternatives to using animal models in research.

Question 85

Recall how 3D organoid technology works.

Question 86

Recall how organ-on-a-chip technology works.

Question 87

Describe the 6 phases of the software development life cycle.

Question 88

Define what an API is and 4 reasons why API’s are important.

Question 89

Compare and contrast the definitions of telehealth, telemedicine, telepharmacy and mHealth.

Question 90

Provide 3 examples of how telehealth can be utilized in almost all areas of care delivery.

Question 91

Recall 5 reasons that are driving the growth of telehealth.

Question 92

Describe 3 modes of healthcare data transmission, including 4 categories of remote patient monitoring.

Question 93

Explain the pros and cons of 3 different communication modes.

Question 94

List the 4 primary provincial telehealth networks.

Question 95

Describe point-to-point and multi-point telehealth calls for both direct and bridged connections.

Answer 95

• point to point (direct):
• point to point (bridged):
• multi-point (direct):
• multi-point (bridged):

Question 96

List 5 possible barriers to the use of telehealth.

Question 97

Explain the concept of Big Data and three characteristics of it.

Answer 97

• high volume
• high rate of capture/receiving – needs to be processed/managed quickly or becomes outdated
• high variety – structured and unstructured data, multiple sources/formats (makes one method of processing data difficult)

Question 98

Define Metadata, including 2 similar, and commonly used terms (indexing, tagging).

Answer 98

details about the data (ie. size, format, date received/sent)

• ‘data about data’
• indexing/tagging data into ‘metadata’ allows for efficient processing and use

Question 99

Define discrete data.

Answer 99

data that is measurable and reportable – fixed, can predictably run analytics

Question 100

Define machine learning.

Answer 100

common form of AI

• can have various forms of sophistication and ‘training’ of machine/computer
• ie. machine training involves collecting data, processing data, training the model, response generation, and iterative improvement

Question 101

Define deep learning.

Answer 101

variant of machine learning

• language model that generates responses that sound natural, based on learning sophisticated patterns and relationships between words
• ie. ChatGPT, Bard (Google)