All-In-One Chapter 8 - Managing Project Quality Flashcards
Activity network diagram
these diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work
Affinity diagram
this diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components
Benchmarking
comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance
Cause-and-effect diagrams
diagrams that show the relationship between variables within a process and how those relationships may contribute to inadequate quality. The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.
Checklist
a simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy
Control Chart
a quality control chart that maps the performance of project work over time
Cost of conformance
the cost associated with the monies spent to attain the expected level of quality. It is also known as the cost of quality
Cost of nonconformance to quality
the cost associated with not satisfying quality expectations. This is also known as the cost of poor quality
Cost-benefit analysis
a process to study the trade-offs between costs and the benefits realized from those costs
Design of experiments
an approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome
External QA
assurance provided to the external customers of the project
Flowchart
a diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. Flowcharts show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly.
Internal QA
assurance provided to management and the project team
Interrelationship diagraphs
used for complex solutions where the causes and effects of problems and benefits are intertwined with one another
ISO
the abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization.
Matrix diagram
a data analysis table that shows the strength between variables and relationships in the matrix.
Pareto diagram
a histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project
Prioritization matrices
a table to rank and score project decisions and alternatives to determine the best solution for the project
Process decision program chart (PDPC)
helps the project team define all of the steps to get from the current state to a desired goal. It facilitates a conversation about what must be completed to reach the goal
Process improvement plan
a project management subsidiary plan that aims to improve the project, not just the end result of the project. It strives to identify and eliminate waste and non-value-added activities.
Quality
according to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements
Quality assurance
a management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. QA aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable
Quality control
an inspection-driven process that measures work results to confirm that the project is meeting the relevant quality standards.
Quality management plan
the plan defines how the project team will implement and fulfill the quality policy of the performing organization
Quality metrics
the operational definitions that specify the measurements within a project and the expected targets for quality and performance
Quality planning
the process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards
Rule of seven
a component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project
Run chart
a quality control tool that shows the results of inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of a run chart is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge
Scatter diagram
a quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related the closer they track against a diagonal line
Seven basic quality tools
these seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, checksheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams
Statistical sampling
a process of choosing a percentage of results at random.
System or process flowcharts
flowcharts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process
Tree diagram
tree diagrams show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of tree diagrams
Trend analysis
the science of using past results to predict future performance
Work performance information
the results of the project work as needed. This includes technical performance measures, project status, information on what the project has created to date, corrective actions, and performance reports.
