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J120Fa19 > ALL GRAMMAR TERMS > Flashcards

ALL GRAMMAR TERMS Flashcards

Learn the basic grammar terms in the class, whether for reading, when spoken in class, and whether in Japanese or English

1
Q

形容詞 (provide English term))

A

adjective

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2
Q

副詞 (provide English term)

A

adverb

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3
Q

動詞 (provide English term)

A

verb

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4
Q

他動詞 (provide English term)

A

transitive verb

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5
Q

自動詞 (provide English term)

A

intransitive verb

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6
Q

未然形 (provide English term)

A

imperfect base

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7
Q

已然形 (provide English term)

A

perfective base

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8
Q

終止形 (provide English term)

A

final base (dictionary form)

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9
Q

連体形 (provide English term)

A

modifies-substantives base

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10
Q

連用形 (provide English term)

A

modifies-inflecting words base

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11
Q

命令形 (provide English term)

A

command base (command form)

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12
Q

助詞 (provide English term)

A

particle

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13
Q

助動詞 (provide English term)

A

auxiliary verb

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14
Q

形容動詞 (provide English term)

A

na-noun / adjectival noun

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15
Q

旧仮名遣い (provide English term)

A

premodern orthography

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16
Q

音便 (provide English term)

A

sound convenience

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17
Q

活用する (provide English term)

A

to inflect, to conjugate

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18
Q

係り結び (provide English term)

A

kakarimusubi rule

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19
Q

名詞 (provide English term)

A

noun

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20
Q

用言 (provide English term)

A

inflecting word / conjugating word

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21
Q

体言 (provide English term)

A

substantive

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22
Q

接続 (provide English term)

A

connection

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23
Q

カリ活用 (provide English term)

A

kari-inflection / kari-conjugation

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24
Q

使役 (provide English term)

A

causative

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25
Q

尊敬 (provide English term)

A

respect

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26
Q

自発 (provide English term)

A

spontaneously arising

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27
Q

可能 (provide English term)

A

possibility / ability

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28
Q

受け身 (provide English term)

A

passive

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29
Q

謙譲 (provide English term)

A

humble

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30
Q

丁寧 (provide English term)

A

polite

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31
Q

完了 (provide English term)

A

completion

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32
Q

存続 (provide English term)

A

ongoing existence or event or state

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33
Q

打ち消し (provide English term)

A

negative

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34
Q

推量 (provide English term)

A

supposition

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35
Q

回想 (provide English term)

A

recollection (past tense-ish)

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36
Q

指定 (provide English term)

A

defining

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37
Q

断定 (provide English term)

A

defining

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38
Q

系助詞 (provide English term)

A

emphatic particles

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39
Q

副助詞 (provide English term)

A

adverbial particles

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40
Q

格助詞 (provide English term)

A

case particles

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41
Q

接続助詞 (provide English term)

A

conjunctive particles

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42
Q

終助詞 (provide English term)

A

final particles

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43
Q

間投助詞 (provide English term)

A

exclamatory particles

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44
Q

中止法 (provide English term)

A

mid-sentence stop

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45
Q

adjectival function (provide English definition or description)

A

the word or clause modifies a 体言, substantive

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46
Q

adverbial function (provide English definition or description)

A

the word or clause modifies a verb

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47
Q

topic (as a grammar term) (provide English definition or description)

A

a word or clause that establishes an important overall aspect of the sentence

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48
Q

subject (as a grammar term) (provide English definition or description)

A

the word that pairs with the predicate to make a sentence, and can be either an object or an actor (agent)

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49
Q

predicate (provide English definition or description)

A

verbs can be predicates but predicates can be other words

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50
Q

minimal subject-predicate pair (provide English definition or description)

A

the most basic sentences based on the subject(s) and predicate(s) that pair, stripped of all modifying clauses, indirect and direct objects, and so on.

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51
Q

direct object (provide English definition or description)

A

receives the action of the verb

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52
Q

indirect object (provide English definition or description)

A

is indirectly involved in the action of the verb

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53
Q

dependent clause (provide English definition or description)

A

tightly modifies something and makes very little sense if separated from the word it is modifying

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54
Q

independent clause (provide English definition or description)

A

seems to stand fairly well on its own, might “float” in the sentence (separated away from the word or clause it modifies), or might be part of a sequence (logical or temporal and such)

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55
Q

imperfect tense (provide English definition or description)

A

indicates hypothetic states, not-yet existing states (future tense), non-existing states (negative)

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56
Q

perfect tense (provide English definition or description)

A

indicates existing states

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57
Q

transitive verb (provide English definition or description)

A

verbs that can have a direct object, verbs that act on other things

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58
Q

intransitive verb (provide English definition or description)

A

verbs that indicate a state of affairs, or are passively receiving action

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59
Q

けいようし (provide English term)

A

adjective

60
Q

ふくし (provide English term)

A

adverb

61
Q

どうし (provide English term)

A

verb

62
Q

たどうし (provide English term)

A

transitive verb

63
Q

じどうし (provide English term)

A

intransitive verb

64
Q

みぜんけい (provide English term)

A

imperfect base

65
Q

いぜんけい (provide English term)

A

perfective base

66
Q

しゅうしけい (provide English term)

A

final base (dictionary form)

67
Q

れんたいけい (provide English term)

A

modifies-substantives base

68
Q

れんようけい (provide English term)

A

modifies-inflecting words base

69
Q

めいれいけい (provide English term)

A

command base (command form)

70
Q

じょし (provide English term)

A

particle

71
Q

じょどうし (provide English term)

A

auxiliary verb

72
Q

けいようどうし (provide English term)

A

na-noun / adjectival noun

73
Q

きゅうかなづかい (provide English term)

A

premodern orthography

74
Q

おんびん (provide English term)

A

sound convenience

75
Q

かつようする (provide English term)

A

to inflect, to conjugate

76
Q

かかりむすび (provide English term)

A

kakarimusubi rule

77
Q

めいし (provide English term)

A

noun

78
Q

ようげん (provide English term)

A

inflecting word / conjugating word

79
Q

たいげん (provide English term)

A

substantive

80
Q

せつぞく (provide English term)

A

connection

81
Q

かかりかつよう (provide English term)

A

kari-inflection / kari-conjugation

82
Q

しえき (provide English term)

A

causative

83
Q

そんけい (provide English term)

A

respect

84
Q

じはつ (provide English term)

A

spontaneously arising

85
Q

かのう (provide English term)

A

possibility / ability

86
Q

うけみ (provide English term)

A

passive

87
Q

けんじょう (provide English term)

A

humble

88
Q

ていねい (provide English term)

A

polite

89
Q

かんりょう (provide English term)

A

completion

90
Q

そんぞく (provide English term)

A

ongoing existence or event or state

91
Q

うちけいし (provide English term)

A

negative

92
Q

すいりょ (provide English term)

A

supposition

93
Q

かいそう (provide English term)

A

recollection (past tense-ish)

94
Q

してい (provide English term)

A

defining

95
Q

だんてい (provide English term)

A

defining

96
Q

けいじょし (provide English term)

A

emphatic particles

97
Q

ふくじょし (provide English term)

A

adverbial particles

98
Q

かくじょし (provide English term)

A

case particles

99
Q

せつぞくじょし (provide English term)

A

conjunctive particles

100
Q

しゅうじょし (provide English term)

A

final particles

101
Q

かんとうじょし (provide English term)

A

exclamatory particles

102
Q

ちゅうしほう (provide English term)

A

mid-sentence stop

103
Q

adjective (pronounce the Japanese)

A

形容詞（けいようし）

104
Q

adverb (pronounce the Japanese)

A

副詞（ふくし）

105
Q

verb (pronounce the Japanese)

A

動詞（じょし）

106
Q

transitive verb (pronounce the Japanese)

A

他動詞（たどうし）

107
Q

intransitive verb (pronounce the Japanese)

A

自動詞（じどうし）

108
Q

imperfect base (pronounce the Japanese)

A

未然形（みぜんけい）

109
Q

perfective base (pronounce the Japanese)

A

已然形（いぜんけい）

110
Q

final base (dictionary form) (pronounce the Japanese)

A

終止形（しゅうしけい）

111
Q

modifies-substantives base (pronounce the Japanese)

A

連体形（れんたいけい）

112
Q

modifies-inflecting words base (pronounce the Japanese)

A

連用形（れんようけい）

113
Q

command base (command form) (pronounce the Japanese)

A

命令形（めいれいけい）

114
Q

particle (pronounce the Japanese)

A

助詞（じょし）

115
Q

auxiliary verb (pronounce the Japanese)

A

助動詞（じょどうし）

116
Q

na-noun / adjectival noun (pronounce the Japanese)

A

形容動詞（けいようどうし）

117
Q

premodern orthography (pronounce the Japanese)

A

旧仮名遣い（きゅうかなづかい）

118
Q

sound convenience (pronounce the Japanese)

A

音便（おんびん）

119
Q

to inflect, to conjugate (pronounce the Japanese)

A

活用する（かつようする）

120
Q

kakarimusubi rule

A

係り結び（かかりむすび）

121
Q

noun (pronounce the Japanese)

A

名詞（めいし）

122
Q

inflecting word / conjugating word (pronounce the Japanese)

A

用言（ようげん）

123
Q

substantive (pronounce the Japanese)

A

体言（たいげん）

124
Q

connection (pronounce the Japanese)

A

接続（せつぞく）

125
Q

kari-inflection / kari-conjugation (pronounce the Japanese)

A

カリ活用（かりかつよう）

126
Q

causative (pronounce the Japanese)

A

使役（しえき）

127
Q

respect (pronounce the Japanese)

A

尊敬（そんけい）

128
Q

spontaneously arising (pronounce the Japanese)

A

自発（じはつ）

129
Q

possibility / ability (pronounce the Japanese)

A

可能（かのう）

130
Q

passive (pronounce the Japanese)

A

受け身（うけみ）

131
Q

humble (pronounce the Japanese)

A

謙譲（けんじょ）

132
Q

polite (pronounce the Japanese)

A

丁寧（ていねい）

133
Q

completion (pronounce the Japanese)

A

完了（かんりょう）

134
Q

ongoing existence or event or state (pronounce the Japanese)

A

存続（そんぞく）

135
Q

negative (pronounce the Japanese)

A

打ち消し（うちけし）

136
Q

supposition (pronounce the Japanese)

A

推量（すいりょ）

137
Q

recollection (past tense-ish) (pronounce the Japanese)

A

回想（かいそう）

138
Q

defining (pronounce the Japanese)

A

指定（してい）

139
Q

defining (pronounce the Japanese)

A

断定（だんてい）

140
Q

emphatic particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

系助詞（けいじょし）

141
Q

adverbial particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

副助詞（ふくじょし）

142
Q

case particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

格助詞（かくじょし）

143
Q

conjunctive particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

接続助詞（せつぞくじょし）

144
Q

final particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

終助詞（しゅうじょし）

145
Q

exclamatory particles (pronounce the Japanese)

A

間投助詞（かんとうじょし）

146
Q

mid-sentence stop (pronounce the Japanese)

A

中止法（ちゅうしほう）

J120Fa19 (8 decks)

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