All DRUGS Flashcards
Chlorpromazine
Use: SZ, Huntington’s
Class: Phenothiazines - typical neuroleptics
MoA: receptor antagonists, dirty drugs, block many sites: DA1, D2, D3, ACH, H1, 5-HT. Main activity through D2 block. Better at controlling positive symptoms
SE: motor disturbance-dystonias and TD (EPS SE), higher prolactin, anti-histamine, sedation, anti-muscarinic
Haloperidol
Use: SZ
Class: Butyrohenonas- typical neuroleptics
MoA: receptor antagonists, dirty drugs, block many sites: DA1, D2, D3, ACH, H1, 5-HT. Main activity through D2 block. Better at controlling positive symptoms
SE: motor disturbance-dystonias and TD (EPS SE), higher prolactin, anti-histamine, sedation, anti-muscarinic
Flupenthixol
Use: SZ
Class: Thioxanthines - typical neuroleptics
MoA: receptor antagonists, dirty drugs, block many sites: DA1, D2, D3, ACH, H1, 5-HT. Main activity through D2 block. Better at controlling positive symptoms
SE: motor disturbance-dystonias and TD (EPS SE), higher prolactin, anti-histamine, sedation, anti-muscarinic
Clozapine
Use: SZ
Class: atypical neuroleptics, MARTAs
MoA: receptor antagonists, dirty drugs, block many sites: DA1, D2, D3, ACH, H1, 5-HT. Main activity through D2 block. More selective than typical neuroleptics. Better at controlling negative symptoms
SE: better side effect profiles, mainly due to greater selectivity, lower incidence of motor disturbances. Increased likelihood of compliance i.e. will continue to take drugs.
Sulpiride
Use: SZ
Class: atypical neuroleptics
MoA: receptor antagonists, D2 receptor block. More selective than typical neuroleptics. Better at controlling negative symptoms
SE: better side effect profiles, mainly due to greater selectivity, lower incidence of motor disturbances. Increased likelihood of compliance i.e. will continue to take drugs.
Risperidone
Use: SZ
Class: atypical neuroleptics
MoA: receptor antagonists, 5-HT and D2 receptor block. More selective than typical neuroleptics. Better at controlling negative symptoms
SE: better side effect profiles, mainly due to greater selectivity, lower incidence of motor disturbances. Increased likelihood of compliance i.e. will continue to take drugs.
Selegiline
Use: Parkinson’s
MoA: MAOi
MAO breaks down DA
Amantidine
Use: Parkinson’s
DA releaser
mAchRs
Use: Parkinson’s
antagonists of Ach show some symptomatic relief
Apomorphine
Advanted Parkinson’s
Pramipexole
Uses: Parkinson’s
D2 agonist selective
Bromocriptine
Use: Parkinson’s
DA agonist non selective
Tetrabenazine
Use: Huntington’s
DA decrease in storage and release. VMAT inhibitor
Baclofen
Uses: Huntington’s
GABA-B agonist
Phenelzine
Use: Depression
MoA: MAOIs, inhibit MAO, increasing intra-terminal and intra-synaptic 5-HT (DA and NA?) conc.
Have immediate effect - euphoria and anti-depressive effect takes 4 weeks.
Long lasting effect.
SE: cheese reaction-enzyme metabolising cheese (tyramine) can displace NA from vesicles in sympathetic neurons, need to avoid foods, also have anti-muscarinic effects.
Not used too much as unpleasant SE.
Moclobemide
Use: Depression
MoA: same but MAO-A selective so for 5-HT specific.
SE: cheese reaction-enzyme metabolising cheese (tyramine) can displace NA from vesicles in sympathetic neurons, need to avoid foods, also have anti-muscarinic effects.
Not used too much as unpleasant SE.
Amitryptyline
Use: Depressoin
MoA: 5-HT/NA reuptake inhibition
Slow onset
SE: anti-muscarinic, sedative, overdose is dangerous
Fluoxetine/prozac
Use: Depression
MoA: immediate increase in synaptic 5-HT by inhibiting re-uptake
SE: less side effects than TCAs and MAOIs
Carbamazepine (CBZ)
Use: Epilepsy
MoA: affects membrane excitability by an action on v.g. sodium channels, shows use dependence block, bind preferentially to inactivated state neurons.
SE: dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, accelerates hepatic enzymes so be careful with contraceptives.
Phenytoin
Use: Epilepsy
MoA: affects membrane excitability by an action on v.g. sodium channels, shows use dependence block, bind preferentially to inactivated state neurons.
SE: Also interferes with hepatic enzymes. Narrow therapeutic range.
Lamotrigine
Use: Epilepsy
MoA: affects membrane excitability by an action on v.g. sodium channels, shows use dependence block, bind preferentially to inactivated state neurons.
Sodium valproate
MoA: inactivates GABA enzymes that break GABA down.
SE: hepatotoxicity, potent teratogen
Ethosuximide
Use: Epilepsy
MoA:Inhibit calcium channels
Benzos
Use: Epilepsy
MoA: diazepam rectally in acute seizures and intravenously in status epilepticus
3 main ways epileptic drugs work?
Enhance GABA action
Inhibit Na channel function
Inhibit Ca channel function
