all about cells Flashcards
who are the 5 scientists involved with the cell theory?
Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhock, Theodore Schwann, Mattias Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow
what did Robert Hooke do?
was the first person to see cells
what did Anton van Leeuwenhock do?
observed living cells in pond water
What did Theodore Schwann do?
found out that animal tissues have cells
what did Mattias Schleiden do?
observed that the tissues of plants contained cells
what did Rudolf Virchow do?
said every living thing is made up of cells and predicted cells come from other pre-existing cells
what is the cell theory?
- Every living organism is made up of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the most basic unit of life. 3. all cells come from pre-existing cells
what is the function of the ribosome?
makes protein to be used by an organism
what is the cytoplasm?
jelly-like goo on the inside of the cell to provide shape for the cell
what is DNA and what does it stand for?
is the genetic material and stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
what is the cytoskeleton?
the internal skeleton of the cell
what is the function of the cell membrane?
provides protection for a cell
what are the 2 types of cells?
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
describe prokaryotic cells
doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelle.
describe eukaryotic cells
do have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelle
Pilus
small hairlike structures used for attaching to other cells
Capsule
a tough outer layer that protects bacteria, often associated with harmful bacteria
nucleus
Usually found at the center of the cell and contains an organelle called nucleolus
nucleolus
makes the cell’s ribosomes
Mitochondria
turns food into useable energy (ATP)
Golgi Apparatus
processing, packages and secretes proteins; proteins are transported in vesicles
Lysosome
contains digestive enzymes that can break things down, also called a “suicide sac” because the rupturing of the lysosome will cause the cell to destroy itself
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transport, “intracellular highway”. Ribosomes are positioned along the rough ER, protein made by the ribosomes enter the ER for transport.
Cytoskeleton
helps maintain the cells shape; supports the cell and aids in cell movement
Vacuole
storage area for water and other substances, plant cells usually have a large central vacuole
