All

Question 1

Alcoholic liver disease

Answer 1

Problems with liver caused by alcohol

• fatty liver
• alcoholic hepatitis
• chronic hepatitis
• cirrhosis

Question 2

Haemochromatosis

Answer 2

Inherited disorder
Build up of iron in body
–> liver disease and heart failure

Question 3

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 3

CO binds to haemoglobin with higher affinity then O2 –> anaemia

Question 4

Paracetamol overdose

Answer 4

Phase II saturated
Enters phase I
- toxic intermediate NAPQI–> damage to liver
- depletes antioxidant glutathione

Question 5

Pancreatitis

Answer 5

Inflammation of pancreas

Question 6

Testicular torsion

Answer 6

Occlusion of testicular blood vessels due to twisting –>ischemia

Question 7

Volvus of bowel

Answer 7

Loop of bowel twists around itself causing an occlusion

Question 8

Infective hepatitis (hepatitis A)

Answer 8

Actue infectious disease of liver

Caused by hepatitis A virus

Question 9

Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 9

Damaged skeletal muscle breaks down

Myoglobin–> bloodstream (cause kidney failure)

Question 10

Lobar pneumonia

Answer 10

Pneumonia in the lungs

Question 11

Acute pappendisitis

Answer 11

Inflammation of pancreas

Question 12

Bacterial meningitis

Answer 12

Infection of meninges

–> infection of meninges

Question 13

Ascending cholangitis

Answer 13

Infection in the bile duct

Question 14

Liver abscess

Answer 14

Pus filled mass inside the liver

Caused by infections spread through portal vein

Question 15

Hereditary angio-oedema

Answer 15

Episodic attacks of swelling

-triggered by trauma, surgery

Question 16

Chronic granulomatous disease

Answer 16

Certain cells of the immune system have difficulty forming reactive oxygen compounds used to kill certain ingested pathogens

Question 17

Tuberculosis

Answer 17

Bacterial infection in the lungs

Cause a granulomatous inflammatory response

Question 18

R arthritis

Answer 18

Inflammatory disorder of the joints

Pain leading to loss of function

Question 19

Chronic gastritis

Answer 19

Inflammation of stomach lining

Question 20

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 20

Inflammation of bowel (colon)

Ulcers form

Question 21

Crohn’s disease

Answer 21

Inflammatory bowel disease (mouth–>anus)

Immune system attacks GI tract

Question 22

Leprosy

Answer 22

Chronic infection

Causes granulomatous inflammation

Question 23

Syphilis

Answer 23

STI

Question 24

Sarcoidosis

Answer 24

Abnormal collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas)

Caused by an immune reaction and continues after initial infection is gone

Question 25

Wagner’s granulomatosis

Answer 25

Inflammation of blood vessels

Question 26

Scurvy

Answer 26

Vitamin C deficiency
Defective collagen synthesis
Impairs wound healing

Question 27

Ehler’s danlos syndrome

Answer 27

Type 3 collagen deficiency - collagen of granulation tissue

–> arterial rupture

Question 28

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 28

Defective CT
Deficiency of collagen type 1
Easily fractured bones

Question 29

Alport syndrome

Answer 29

Poorly synthesised collagen type 4

–>kidney disease

Question 30

Liver cirrhosis

Answer 30

Liver tissue replaced by scar tissue

Reducing liver function

Question 31

Liver cirrhosis

Answer 31

Liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue

Question 32

Marfan syndrome

Answer 32

Misfolding of fibrillin
Weakened connective tissue
Flexible, tall

Question 33

Hepatic steatosis

Answer 33

Fatty liver

Excessive accumulation of triglycerides inside liver cells