All

Question 1

Standard orifice

Answer 1

One with a sharp edge or square shoulder so there is only a line of contact with the fluid

Question 2

Nozzle

Answer 2

Tube of changing diameter usually converging if it is used for liquids but for gases may converge then diverge

Question 3

Base of nozzle

Answer 3

Point or plane perpendicular to the centerline at which the diameter starts to change from that of the pipe

Question 4

Tube

Answer 4

A short pipe whose length is no more than 2 or 3 diameters long

Question 5

Jet

Answer 5

A stream issuing from an orifice nozzle or tube

Question 6

Free jet

Answer 6

A stream of liquid surrounded by a gas and is therefore directly under the influence of gravity

Question 7

Submerged jet

Answer 7

A stream of any fluid surrounded by a fluid of the same type. So gas jet discharging into gas or same for liquid.

Question 8

Vena contracta

Answer 8

The point at which a stream becomes constant diameter out of an orifice or jet

Question 9

Submerged vena contracta

Answer 9

The minimum diameter

Question 10

Jet velocity

Answer 10

Average velocity at the vena contracta or downstream edge of an orifice

Question 11

Coefficient of contraction, Cc

Answer 11

Ratio of the area of a jet to the area of the orifice or opening

Question 12

Coefficient of velocity, Cv

Answer 12

Ratio of the actual velocity to the ideal velocity

Question 13

Coefficient of discharge

Answer 13

Ratio of actual flow to ideal flow

Question 14

Borda mouthpiece

Answer 14

If the length of the opening is less then the diameter then the reentrant tube is called this

Question 15

Venturi tube

Answer 15

It converts velocity to pressure and vice versa

Question 16

Throat

Answer 16

Produced an increase velocity with a reduction of pressure and then a gradual diversion point where it goes back to normal with a slight friction loss

Question 17

Venturi meter

Answer 17

Flow measurement instruments which use a converging section of pipe to give an increase in the flow velocity and a corresponding pressure drop from which the flowrate can be deduced

Question 18

Prototype

Answer 18

Cmon you know this one. Full size device

Question 19

Geometric similarity

Answer 19

Model and prototype have identical shapes but differ in size

Question 20

Length scale ratio

Answer 20

Linear dimensions of prototype are proportional to that of the model

Question 21

Kinematic similarity

Answer 21

In addition to geometric similarity the ratio of the velocities are the same at all points

Question 22

Time scale ratio

Answer 22

Length scale ratio over velocity scale ratio

Question 23

Acceleration scale ratio

Answer 23

Length scale over time scale squared

Question 24

Dynamic similarity

Answer 24

In addition to kinematic, the corresponding forces share the same ratio for both the model and the prototype

Question 25

Inertia force

Answer 25

Negative resultant

Question 26

Reynolds number

Answer 26

Ratio of inertia forces to viscous forces

Question 27

Froude number

Answer 27

Ratio of inertia and gravity forces

Question 28

Mach number

Answer 28

Ratio of intertidal forces and elastic forces

Question 29

Weber number

Answer 29

Ratio of inertia forces to surface tension

Question 30

Euler number

Answer 30

Ratio of inertia forces to the pressure forces

Question 31

Pressure coefficient

Answer 31

Change in pressure over half the density times velocity squared

Question 32

Subsonic

Answer 32

Mach number less than 1

Question 33

Sonic

Answer 33

Mach number is one

Question 34

Supersonic

Answer 34

Mach number is greater than one

Question 35

Hypersonic

Answer 35

Mach number is extremely high

Question 36

Orifice

Answer 36

An opening in the wall of a tank or in a plate normal to the axis of a pipe, the plate being either at the end of the pipe or in some intermediate location