Alkenes and Electrophile Addition Flashcards
1
Q
How are alkenes produced in industry?
A
Cracking
2
Q
What are the two ways in which alkenes can be prepared in the laboratory (simple)
A
Dehydration of alcohols or
Base-induced elimination of hydrogen halides from monohaloalkanes
3
Q
To dehydrate alcohols, what is required?
A
Aluminium oxide, CONCENTRATED sulphuric acid or orthophosphoric acid
4
Q
What is the catalytic addition of hydrogen catalysed by?
A
Nickel or Palladium
5
Q
What does this form?
alkene + halogen
A
dihaloalkane
6
Q
What does this form?
alkene + hydrogen halide
A
Monohaloalkane
7
Q
What is markovnikov’s rule?
A
The H will add to the atom which already has the most H atoms
8
Q
What does this form?
alkene + water
A
Alcohol
9
Q
What is the addition of water catalysed by?
A
An acid (includes H+ ions)
