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Chemistry - Y12 > Alkenes > Flashcards

Alkenes Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is there no rotation around a C=C bond?

A
  • The Pi bond is formed by overlap of P orbitals
  • if there was any rotation, the P orbitals would no longer overlap + the Pi bond would break
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2
Q

For electrophilic addition by H-Br, what is the:

  • Reagent
  • Type of product
A
  • HCl, HBr <—- Hydrogen Halide
  • Haloalkane
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3
Q

Electrophilic addition with Ethene to bromoethane?

A
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4
Q

Explain why 2-bromopropane is the major product compared to 1-bromopropane?

A
  • 2-bromopropane is made from a secondary carbocation
  • 1-bromopropane is made from a primary carbocation
  • Secondary carbocations are more stable than primary due to the positive inductive effect of the 2 alkyl groups
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5
Q

For electrophilic addition by Br2, what is the:

  • Reagent
  • Type of product
A
  • Cl2, Br2 (Halogen)
  • Haloalkane (Dihaloalkane)
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6
Q

Electrophilic addition with Ethene through Br2?

A
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7
Q

Explain why bromine molecules react with the double bonds in alkenes?

A
  • C=C bond is electron rich and induces a dipole in the Br2
  • Partially +ve Br is attracted to the C=C bond
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8
Q
  • Reagent used to test for alkenes
  • Observation when alkenes present
  • Observation when alkene not present
A
  • Br2
  • Orange to colourless
  • No visible change
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9
Q

Structural formula for H2SO4 for electrophilic addition?

A
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10
Q

For electrophilic addition by sulphuric acid, what is the:

  • Reagent
  • Type of product
A
  • H2SO4
  • Alkyl hydrogen sulfate
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11
Q

Electrophilic addition with ethene through sulphuric acid?

A
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12
Q

For electrophilic addition by direct hydration, what is the:

  • Reagent
  • Conditions
  • Type of product
A
  • H2O
  • Concentrated H3PO4 catalyst
  • Alcohol
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13
Q

Electrophilic addition with ethene through direct hydration?

A
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14
Q

Write equation for the formation of an addition polymer from ethene?

A
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15
Q

Explain the difference between structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Use examples to show how compounds with molecular formula C4H8 exhibit stereoisomerism and 3 types of structural isomerism?

A

Structural isomers - Molecules with same molecular formula but different structure
Stereoisomers - Molecules with same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms in space

Stereoisomers
2a lack of rotation around C=C
2b structures of E- and Z-but-2-ene
2c correct identity of E and Z isomers

Structural isomers
3a different C chain, e.g. methylpropene & but-1-ene / but-2-ene
3b different position of functional group e.g. but-1-ene & but-2-ene
3c different functional group, e.g. cyclobutane & but-1-ene / but-2-ene / methylpropene

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16
Q

Explain why poly(propene) is unreactive?

A

No polar bonds

Chemistry - Y12 (18 decks)

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