alkenes

Question 1

Structure of molecule after electrophilic addition

Answer 1

sp2 hybridised; trigonal planar geometry which allows electrophile to attack from either side of the plane, forming a raecemic mixture

Question 2

Alkene -> Halogenoalkane

Answer 2

Gaseous HCl, HBr or HI, room temperature

Mechanism: Electrophilic addition

Question 3

Alkene -> Alkane with two halogens substituted

Answer 3

Reagents and conditions: Cl2 (g) / Br2(l) or Cl2 / Br2 dissolved in CCl4, room temperature

Observations:
Greenish-yellow Cl2 /Reddish-brown Br2 decolourises

Question 4

Alkene -> Bromoalcohol

Answer 4

Reagents and conditions: Br2(aq), room temperature

Observations: Yellow-orange Br2(aq) decolourised

Question 5

Alkene -> Alcohol

Answer 5

Reagents and conditions:

1. Steam
2. H3PO4 catalyst
3. High temperature and high pressure