Alkanes and alkenes

Question 0

By how many and which molecules do each successive member of a homologous series differ from?

Answer 0

-CH2-

Question 1

Bonding of alkanes:

Answer 1

C-C single bonds

Question 2

General molecular formula of alkanes

Answer 2

CnH2n+1

Question 3

Products formed in the combustion of alkanes

Answer 3

1) complete combustion gives CO2 and H2O

2) incomplete combustion (lack of O2) gives CO, C and H2O

Question 4

What are isomers

Answer 4

Different compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formula—> they have different b.p and physical properties, may have similar chemical properties.

Question 5

An advantage of isomerism in the petroleum industry

Answer 5

Engines run much better burning branched chain isomers

Question 6

Which compound is more reactive and why: C4H9 or C2H4?

Answer 6

C2H4. This is because compounds containing double bonds tend to be more reactive chemicaly as they have a C=C double bond whereas C-C single bonds are comparitevly stronger

Question 7

What happens when alkenes undergo addition reactions?

Answer 7

Unsaturated alkenes are converted to saturated alkenes as the double bonds break.

Question 8

What are the types of Addition reactions?

Answer 8

1) Hydrogenation- Reacts with Hydrogen in prescence of Nickel Catalyst
2) Hydrations- Reacts with water in prescence of conc. Phosphoric Acid(H2PSO4)
3) halogenation