Alkanes Flashcards
1
Q
What are alkanes?
A
Saturated hydrocarbons
2
Q
What does saturated mean?
A
It means the atom is comprised of only single bonds and each atom is bonded to the maximum number of other atoms possible
3
Q
What is the general formula for alkanes?
A
CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
4
Q
What are the first five alkanes and their molecular formulae?
A
- Methane - CH₄
- Ethane - C₂H₆
- Propane - C₃H₈
- Butane - C₄H₁₀
- Pentane - C₅H₁₂
Make sure you know how to draw their displayed formula
5
Q
How do you name different isomers?
Just flip over
A
As shown:
Note that these are the structural formulae -
make sure you can draw them as displayed formulae
6
Q
What type of reaction is an alkane and a halogen?
A
Subsitution reaction
7
Q
What must be present for the reaction between an alkane and a halogen to happen?
A
Ultraviolet light
8
Q
What is the word and symbol equation for the reaction between methane and bromine?
A
- Methane + Bromine –> bromomethane + hydrogen bromine
- CH₄ + Br₂ –> CH₃Br + HBr
- The bromine atom swaps with the hydrogen atom
- This can also be done with chlorine, forming chloromethane
- The products belong to a family called halogenalkanes
