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Alimentary system > Alimentary histology > Flashcards

Alimentary histology Flashcards

1
Q

Tissues consist of?

A

Cells + extracellular matrix

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2
Q

Tissues consist of?

A

Cells + extracellular matrix

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3
Q

Four basic tissue types?

A

Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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4
Q

Main constituent of connective tissue?

A

Extracellular matrix

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5
Q

An organ consists of?

A

Two or more types of tissues

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6
Q

Lamina propria is what type of tissue?

A

Connective

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7
Q

Four layers of the gut tube?

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa/adventitia

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8
Q

Serosa and adventitia are distinguished by?

A

Whether peritoneum covers their surface or not

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9
Q

Three layers of the mucosa?

A

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

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10
Q

Layers of muscularis externa?

A

Circular
Longitudinal
Oblique (stomach only)

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11
Q

Function of muscularis mucosae?

A

Squeeze secretions from epithelial glands into the lumen

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12
Q

Functions of lamina propria?

A

Support epithelial cells

Allow passage of blood vessels and nerves to the epithelial cells

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13
Q

Majority of GI glands are what type?

A

Exocrine

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14
Q

Two structures in GI tract with submucosal glands?

A

Oesophagus

Duodenum

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15
Q

Epithelium in oesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous keratinised epithelium

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16
Q

Submucosal glands in oesophagus?

A

Mucus secreting glands

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17
Q

Function of oesophageal submucosal glands?

A

Secrete mucus to lubricate passage of food to the stomach

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18
Q

Function of muscularis externa in the stomach?

A

Churn and mechanically digest food

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19
Q

Cells present at the base of gastric glands?

A

Chief cells

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20
Q

Cells present halfway down gastric glands?

A

Parietal cells

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21
Q

Lymphoid aggregations in mucosa of small intestine?

A

Peyer’s patches

22
Q

Brunner’s glands secrete?

A

Bicarbonate ions

23
Q

Secreted by Brunner’s glands?

A

Bicarbonate ions

24
Q

Four basic tissue types?

A

Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

25
Q

Main constituent of connective tissue?

A

Extracellular matrix

26
Q

An organ consists of?

A

Two or more types of tissues

27
Q

Lamina propria is what type of tissue?

A

Connective

28
Q

Four layers of the gut tube?

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa/adventitia

29
Q

Serosa and adventitia are distinguished by?

A

Whether peritoneum covers their surface or not

30
Q

Three layers of the mucosa?

A

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

31
Q

Layers of muscularis externa?

A

Circular
Longitudinal
Oblique (stomach only)

32
Q

Function of muscularis mucosae?

A

Squeeze secretions from epithelial glands into the lumen

33
Q

Functions of lamina propria?

A

Support epithelial cells

Allow passage of blood vessels and nerves to the epithelial cells

34
Q

Majority of GI glands are what type?

A

Exocrine

35
Q

Two structures in GI tract with submucosal glands?

A

Oesophagus

Duodenum

36
Q

Epithelium in oesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous keratinised epithelium

37
Q

Submucosal glands in oesophagus?

A

Mucus secreting glands

38
Q

Function of oesophageal submucosal glands?

A

Secrete mucus to lubricate passage of food to the stomach

39
Q

Function of muscularis externa in the stomach?

A

Churn and mechanically digest food

40
Q

Cells present at the base of gastric glands?

A

Chief cells

41
Q

Cells present halfway down gastric glands?

A

Parietal cells

42
Q

Lymphoid aggregations in mucosa of small intestine?

A

Peyer’s patches

43
Q

Submucosal glands in duodenum?

A

Brunner’s glands

44
Q

Secreted by Brunner’s glands?

A

Bicarbonate ions

45
Q

Part of small intestine with most Peyer’s patches?

A

Ileum

46
Q

Cells prevalent in the epithelium of the large intestine?

A

Goblet cells

47
Q

Main glands of GI tract?

A 
Salivary glands
Gastric glands 
Brunner's glands 
Pancreas
Liver
48
Q

Endocrine portions of pancreas visible in histology?

A

Islets of Langerhans

49
Q

Cells forming exocrine portions of pancreas?

A

Acinar cells

50
Q

Duct cells in the pancreas secrete?

A

Bicarbonate

51
Q

Structures forming portal triad?

A

Hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
Bile duct

Alimentary system (4 decks)

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