alimentary canal

Question 1

function of mouth

Answer 1

the teeth cut and grind the food which is mixed with saliva, contains amylase to break starch down into maltose (sugar)

Question 2

function of oesophagus

Answer 2

tube that connects the mouth to the stomach where the food bolus goes after being swallowed. food pass through by peristalsis from south to stomach.

Question 3

function of stomach

Answer 3

food is mechanically digested by churning actions while protease enzymes start to chemically digest proteins. Hydrochloric acid is present to kill bacteria in food and provide optimum PH for protease enzymes to work.

Question 4

function of gall bladder

Answer 4

stores bile to relate into duodenum via bile duct. also used to help in digestion of fats

Question 5

function of pancreas

Answer 5

secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum for chemical digestion of proteins, fats and starch. makes hormones insulin and glucagon.

Question 6

function of liver

Answer 6

produces bile to emulsify fats. the bile is therefore stores in the gall bladder. digested foods are assimilated here.

Question 7

two parts of small intestine

Answer 7

duodenum and Ileum

Question 8

function of duodenum

Answer 8

receives pancreatic juice containing protease, lipase and amylase. the juice contains sodium hydrogen carbonate, which neutralises acid from the stomach, producing a ph of 7-8

Question 9

function of ileum

Answer 9

absorption of digested food molecules take place, the ileum is long and lined with villi to increase the surface area over which absorption can take place

Question 10

function of large intestine

Answer 10

water is absorbed from remaining material in the colon to produce faeces. Faeces is stored in the rectum and removed through the anus.

Question 11

function of rectum

Answer 11

stores faeces until they are egested

Question 12

function of anus

Answer 12

has muscles to control when faeces are egested from the body

Question 13

function of colon

Answer 13

absorbs water from undigested food

Question 14

function of appendix

Answer 14

its unknown

Question 15

what is absorbed in the small intestine

Answer 15

glucose, fatty, acids, glycerol, water

Question 16

what is ingestion

Answer 16

the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body through the mouth

Question 17

what is digestion

Answer 17

the breakdown of food

Question 18

what is absorption

Answer 18

the movement of nutrients from the intestines into the blood

Question 19

what is assimilation

Answer 19

movement of digested food molecules and ions through the wall of the intestine into the blood

Question 20

what is egestion

Answer 20

passing out of food that has not been digested or absorbed, as faeces, through the anus.

Question 21

examples of excretory products

Answer 21

urine, sweat, Co2