Alignment and occlusion of the dentition

Question 1

What factors and forces determine tooth position?

Answer 1

Lips
Cheeks
Tongue

Question 2

What forces determine tooth position facially and buccally?

Answer 2

lips and cheeks

Question 3

What force determines tooth position lingually and palatally?

Answer 3

Tongue

Question 4

Describe equilibrium in regard to alignment and occlusion:

Answer 4

neutral position or space where tooth stability is achieved.

Question 5

Equilibrium is maintained in the anterior by what?

Answer 5

the lips and tongue

Question 6

Equilibrium is maintained in the posterior by what?

Answer 6

the cheeks and tongue

Question 7

An anterior openbite is associated with what?

Answer 7

Tongue thrust

Question 8

What occurs in posterior teeth after tooth loss?

Answer 8

mesial drifting

Question 9

Described the curve of spee:

Answer 9

slight upward “smile” of occlusal plane.

Question 10

T/F: In the Curve of Spee, the maxillary is convex and slightly buccal inclination in the posterior teeth.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

T/F: In the Curve of Spee, the mandibular is concave and slightly lingual inclination in the posterior.

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

What is the occlusal table?

Answer 12

Area between the buccal and lingual cusp tips on posterior teeth.

Question 13

What are occlusal inclines?

Answer 13

slopes of the surfaces of the cusps buccal/distal and buccal lingual.

Question 14

Inner incline:

Answer 14

slope toward central groove.

Question 15

Outer incline:

Answer 15

slope on buccal and lingual cusp surfaces.

Question 16

Mesial and distal incline:

Answer 16

slope on mesial and distal surfaces.

Question 17

T/F: The area of the centric cusps is double that of the noncentric cusps.

Answer 17

True. The centric cusps are 2 times as wide as the noncentric cusps.

Question 18

What is vertical dimension?

Answer 18

The length between the nose and chin when teeth are in contact.

Question 19

T/F: Vertical dimension is greater at rest.

Answer 19

True. At rest there is a slight space between teeth call the freeway space.

Question 20

Laterotrusive movement:

Answer 20

when the jaw is moved to the right, the right posterior teeth are considered to be involved in the laterotrusive movement.

Question 21

Centric occlusion
Intercuspal Position
Maximum Intercuspation
Habit Bite

Answer 21

All the same thing!

Question 22

Centric occlusion
Intercuspal Position
Maximum Intercuspation
Habit Bite

Answer 22

All the same thing!

Question 23

Centric relation

Answer 23

• Purely condylar position within the glenoid fossa.
• condyle is in upper most anterior most position.
• articular disc is properly interposed.
• NO tooth contact

Question 24

CR and CO discrepancies in tooth contact and lead to:

Answer 24

• potential orthopedic instability in TM joints
• premature occlusal contacts
• interfering occlusal contacts
• Catalysts for altered function

Question 25

Define occlusion:

Answer 25

the contact relationship of the teeth. The contacts are generally egdes or points touching other edges, points, or areas.

Question 26

Define functional occlusion:

Answer 26

occlusion during mandibular movement (mastication, swallowing, etc.)

Question 27

Define plane of occlusion

Answer 27

an imaginary plane anatomically related to the cranium that theoretically touches the incisal edges of incisors and the cusp of posterior teeth.

Question 28

Define Occulsal adjustment (equilibration):

Answer 28

reshaping the occlusal surfaces of teeth to create harmonious contacts between the maxillary and mandibular teeth.

Question 29

Define vertical dimension:

Answer 29

a vertical measurement of the face between any two arbitrary points (usually in the midline), one above and one below the mouth.

Question 30

Define vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO):

Answer 30

the vertical dimension of the face when the teeth are in centric occlusion.

Question 31

Define vertical dimension at rest:

Answer 31

the vertical dimension of the face when the mandible is in the rest position.

Question 32

Curve of Spee:

Answer 32

the anteroposterior curvature of the maxillary and mandibular occlusal surfaces. Concave above the curve; convex below the curve.

Question 33

Curve of Wilson:

Answer 33

the mediolateral curvature of the maxillary and mandibular occlusal surfaces. Concave about the curve; convex below the curve.

Question 34

Define functional contacts:

Answer 34

contacts made during factional occlusion.

Question 35

Define parafunctional contacts:

Answer 35

abnormal contacts; typically result from habits such as bruxism and include area-to-area contacts.

Question 36

Define protrusive contacts:

Answer 36

contacts made when the mandible has moved anteriorly from centric occlusion (protrusive movement). These are usually edge-to-edge contacts for anterior teeth.

Question 37

Define laterotrusive contacts:

Answer 37

contacts on the side toward which the mandible has moved from centric occlusion (working side movement).

Question 38

Define mediotrusive contacts:

Answer 38

contacts on the side away from which the mandible has moved from centric occlusion (non-working side movement).

Question 39

Overbite:

Answer 39

the vertical overlapping of the mandibular incisors by the maxillary incisors when the jaws are in centric occlusion.

Question 40

Overjet:

Answer 40

the horizontal overlapping of the mandibular incisors by the maxillary incisors when the jaws are in centric occlusion.

Question 41

Open bite:

Answer 41

a condition in which opposing teeth do not occlude.

Question 42

Crossbite:

Answer 42

an abnormal relation of one or more teeth in one arch to its antagonist in the other arch due to a deviation of tooth or jaw postion.

Question 43

Anterior crossbite:

Answer 43

one or more maxillary incisors are positioned lingually to the mandibular incisors when in centric occlusion.

Question 44

Posterior crossbite:

Answer 44

one or more maxillary posterior teeth are positioned palatally to the mandibular posterior teeth when in centric occlusion.