Algorithms & Introductions to Python {3}

Question 1

Define:

Pattern recognition?

Answer 1

Identification of common characterisitics among different problems and within the same problem.

Question 2

Define:

Decomposition?

Example?

Answer 2

The breaking down of a complex problem into a series of smaller or simpler platforms

Question 3

Define:

Algorithms?

3 building blocks?

Answer 3

Sequences of instructions used to solve problems or perform tasks in a structured manner (written in a human language or by a human)

Sequencing, selection, & iteration

Question 4

Define:

Abstraction?

Answer 4

The generalization of a problem so that a solution can be applied to different specific problems

Question 5

Define:

Computational thinking?

Answer 5

The process by which a problem is formulated and solved using a computer

Question 6

Define:

Euclid Algorithm?

Answer 6

Oldest algorithm used to find the Greatest common divisor (GCD) of a number

Question 7

Define:

Sequencing?

Answer 7

The order in which the steps of an algorithm executed

Question 8

Define:

Selection?

Answer 8

Used to determine a different set of steps to execute based on a Boolean expression

Question 9

Define:

Iteration?

Answer 9

When algorithms use repetition to execute steps a certain number of times or until a certain condition is met

Question 10

Define:

Programming Language?

Answer 10

A language that humans learn to communicate with computers

Question 11

Define:

Program?

Answer 11

A sequence of instructions written in a programming language that are designed to execute one at a time

Question 12

Define:

Low-level languages?

Answer 12

Sometimes referred to as machine languages or assembly languages

Question 13

Define:

Portable?

Answer 13

They can run on different kinds of computers with few or no modifications

Question 14

Define:

Compiler?

Answer 14

A special type of computer program that translates programs wrriten in a higher-level programming language to the low-level languages that run directly on a computer

Question 15

Define:

Source code vs. Binary Executable?

Answer 15

Source code: The input of a compiler
Binary executable: The output of a compiler

Question 16

Define:

Interpreted programming language?

Example?

Answer 16

The instructions in its programs are translated and run by an **interpeter **

Python

Question 17

Define:

Interpreter?

Answer 17

A special type of binary executable

Question 18

Define:

Procedure?

Other name?

Answer 18

def hello_world ():
print(“Hello World!”)
hello_world ()
A special type of programming construct that continas a series of statements that perform a particular task (also called a subroutine)

Question 19

Define:

Procedure definition header?

Answer 19

Involves the keyword def followed by a unique name or identifier

Question 20

Define:

Body?

Answer 20

The contents of the procedure that consists of one or more lines of code that are indented by a constant amount (usually 4 spaces) under the procedure definition header

Question 21

Define:

Comment?

Answer 21

A computer program is text that is intended only for the human reader (has a hashtag in front of it)

Example: print(“hello world!”) #lets go

Question 22

Define:

Input? Output? Math and logic? Conditional execution? Repetition?

Answer 22

Input: Get data from the keyboard, a file, or some other device (uses int)
Output: Display data on the screen (uses print)
Math & logic: Perfrm basic mathematical operations like and, or, not
Conditional execution: Check for certain introduction and execute the appropriate sequence of statements (uses if and else)
Repetition: Peform some action repeatedly, usually with some variation (uses for, in, while)