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Wood Aquatics > Algae and Water Quality > Flashcards

Algae and Water Quality Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main cause of acid rain?

A

Fossil fuels more specifically coal

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2
Q

When moving your slide to the right what directions does the field of view go?

A

LEFT

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of Volvox?

A

Volvox forms a sphere of 500 or more cells
2 flagella that move the colony through the water
Daughter colonies that can be seen as darker spheres within the colony Volvox causes “algae blooms” during the summer months
Fish hatcheries: blooms cause large numbers that can damage the gills of young fish Gives water a fishy odor when present in large numbers

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4
Q

Which of the following has the BEST Dissolved 0xygen?Warm water or cold water?

A

Cold water

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5
Q

What structure is used by Euglena for locomotion?

A

Flagella

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6
Q

What are the main sources of chlorine?

A

Waste water and industry

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7
Q

How does clean vs polluted water affect species diversity?

A

Clean water has relatively “LOW” populations: HIGHspecies diveristy Polluted water has HIGH populations and LOW species diversity

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8
Q 
Water ChangesWhich of the following would require you change your water:	
* Low nitrite	
* High alkalinity	
* pH 7	
* High ammonia
A

High ammonia

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Pandorina?

A

Pandorina occurs in groups of 8, 16, or 32 cells

2 flagella help roll the colony through the water Fishy Odor

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of OSCILLATORIA?

A

2: Second most tolerant aglae of organic pollution
* OSCILLATORIA: names refers to the movement that is characteristics of living filaments
Filaments oscillate or glide back and forth
Blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria)
* Often found with Euglena

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11
Q

Which 2 algae have a grassy odor?

A
  • Staurastrum

* Spirogyra

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12
Q

What algae is known to clog the gills of young fish at a fish hatchery?

A

Volvox

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13
Q

Which 2 algae have a “fishy” odor?

A
  • Vovox

* Pandorina

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14
Q

Which algae has 3, 16 and 32 cells?

A

Pandorina

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of closterium?

A

Closterium may form large alge blooms in lakes found in southern states

  • Algae blooms cause filter clogging problems in water treatment plants
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16
Q

Which algae are filaments?

A

Stegioclonium, Spirogyra, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Rivularia

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17
Q

What color aremost diatoms?

A

Yellow brown (golden)

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18
Q

Which algae can cause death to livestock and fish

A

Anabaena

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19
Q

What is nuetral?

A

7 pH

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20
Q

What are the characteristics of Euglena?

A

1: most tolerant of organic pollution Found in farm ponds, lagoons, sewage treatment plants

  • Likes water with high nitrates In some Euglena the chlorphyll is hidden by a red pigment
    Animal like: flagella Plant like: chloroplasts
  • in 1947, turned an ohio river blood red (algae bloom)
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21
Q

What is the formula for cellular respiration?

A

Sugar + Oxygen ———> Carbon Dioxide + Water

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22
Q

At what pH would you start to notice issues with reproduction?

A

pH 4

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23
Q

Which algae is the most tolerant of polluiton?

A

Euglena

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24
Q

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioide + Water——> Sugar + Oxygen

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25
Q

Which algae is a problem for Northern states?

A

Diatoms

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26
Q

What would happen if you didn’t have plants in your aquarium?

A

Nitrate levels would increase

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27
Q

Which 2 algae are found together in polluted water?

A
  • Euglena

* Oscillatoria

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28
Q

Fish survival

A

5 mg/l or greater

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29
Q

Which algae are filaments?

A
  • Anabaena
  • Spirogyra
  • Stegeoclonium
  • Oscillatoria
  • Rivularia
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30
Q

What bacteria converts ammonia to nitrite?

A

Nitrosomonas

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31
Q

Which algae reproduces with daughtercells?

A

Volvox

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32
Q

What is the purpose of spikes and projection?

A

It increases surface area which helps it stay afloat

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33
Q

What would be the sequence for assessing water quality at a lake, pond or river?

A
  • Observation
  • Sample water and evaluate algae and insects
  • Simple water quality tests (temperature, ammonia, nitrtite, nitrate, conductivity, alkalinity and pH)
  • Specific chemical panal that looks for toxins
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34
Q

When moving your slide the left what directions does your field of view go?

A

Right

35
Q

Why is euglena considered both animal like and plant like?

A

It has chloroplasts like a plant (photosynthesis) and a flagella for movement that makes it animal like.

36
Q

What is a base?

A

8 - 14 pH

37
Q

What algae causes pollution in small amounts?

A

Anabaena

38
Q

Polluted water has _______________ numbers and ___________ diversity.

A

High/Low

39
Q

Which algae has a a twisted chlorophyll?

A

Spirogyra

40
Q

Which algae are cyanobacteria?

A

Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Rivularia

41
Q

Fish is gasping for air

A

3 - 4 mg/l

42
Q

Clean water has _______________ numbers and _________ diversity.

A

Low/ High

43
Q

What is an acid

A

0 - 6 pH

44
Q

Which has more H+ ions?

A

Acid

45
Q

At what pH does your fish die?

A

pH 3

46
Q

Water clarity is a measure of its __________.

A

Turbidity

47
Q

What is the correct sequence when using the objectives?

A

RED, YELLOW, BLUE

48
Q

This algae has gypsum in its tips

A

Closterium

49
Q

What are the characteristics of Stigeoclonium?

A

Stigeoclonium: Small populations can be found attached to rocks in clean water Filament
* Abundant in water with high levels of organic matter
MOST COMMON type of algae found in trickling filters at water treatment plants, helps clean water by removing nitrates.

50
Q

which algae is the second most tolerant of pollution?

A

Oscillatoria

51
Q

What are the characteristics of Navicula?

A

Navicula is a member of the group called “diatoms” Hard cell wall is made up of “silica”

  • The hard cell walls do not decompose when the cells die
  • Skeletons creat problems by clogging water treatment plant filters Shape: cigar or boat shaped
52
Q

What instrument is used to test turbidity?

A

Secchi disk

53
Q

What are the characteristics of Anabaena?

A

Anabaena can cause odor problems even when populations are small
PIG PEN ODOR: when present in large numbers
* Odor may be due to death and decay
* Filaments appear like tiny grapes
Blue-Green Algae (CYANOBACTERIA) can fix its own nitrogen so it doesn’t need high levels of nitrates or organic material
TOXIC to animals, can cause death to livestock drinking the water and kill fish

Humans may get skin rashes associated with algae blooms

54
Q

Which algae can cause skin rashes in humans?

A

Anabaena

55
Q

Which algae is an indicator of clean water?

A

Batrachosperum

56
Q

What are the characteristics of BATRACHOSPERMUM?

A

Batrachospermum Found in shaded areas of reservoirs Likes soft water
Does NOT LIKE constant sun
Likes COLD WATER

  • Likes low levels of organic material INDICATOR OF CLEAN WATER Creates problems for irrigation canals
57
Q

What property of water allows ice to freeze in the winter and float on the surface?

A

Density

58
Q

When are diatoms most abundant?

A

Spring and Fall

59
Q

The shells of a diatom are made up of what mineral?

A

Silica

60
Q

What causes high organic pollution in water?

A

Excess nutrients in the water

61
Q

Which is larger?Low or High power

A

Low Power

62
Q

What are the main sources of ammonia?

A

Waste water, industry and agriculture

63
Q

What are the two main minerals found in hard water?

A

Calcium and Magnesium

64
Q

fish death

A
65
Q

What are the characteristics of mixed diatoms?

A

Diatoms: Tiny boxes composed of silica
Prefer cold water
More abundant in spring and fall

  • Creat headaches for water treatment plants
  • Chlorine is used to kill diatoms as it enters water treatment plants
  • Major cause of clogged filters at water treatment plants
66
Q

What is alkalinity?

A

The BUFFERING capacity of water.Stops wide variations of pH

67
Q

Which algae is known for turning waters red?

A

Euglena

68
Q

Which algae has gypsum crystals in the tips?

A

Closterium

69
Q

What is pH?

A

A measurement of the changes of H+ and OH-

70
Q

Which algae is the most widely distrubuted?

A

Scenedesmus

71
Q

Which algae has an eyespot?

A

Euglena

72
Q

What bacteria converts nitrite to nitrate?

A

Nitrobacter

73
Q

What are the characteristics of Spirogyra?

A

Spriogyra is a bright green color
Chloroplast (used in photosynthesis) is twisted like a spiral staircase
Filaments float just beneath the surface Grassy Odor
* Clogs water treatment plants

74
Q

What algae is condered a clean water indicator?

A

Batrachospermum

75
Q

How many diaphram setting are there when controlling light?

A

51 is small hole5 is large

76
Q

Which algae fixes nitrogen?

A

Anabaena

77
Q

What are the characteristics of Staurastrum?

A
  • Staurastrum has spiked projections that increase surface area and improve their ability to float Blooms create a “grassy odor”
  • The odor can be a problem for drinking water
78
Q

What are the characteristics of Rivularia?

A

Rivularia is found in rivers and streams
Slimy covering on plants or rocks
Filaments break off and clog water filters at water treatment plants

79
Q

What is a cyanobacteria?

A

Blue- green algaeAnaebena, oscillatoria, Rivularia

80
Q

Which algae are Cyanobacteria?

A
  • Anbaena
  • Oscillatoria
  • Rivularia
81
Q

Which of the following is the LEAST toxic to your fish?Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate

A

Nitrate

82
Q

This algae is covered in mucus. It atttaches itself to rocks and plants. It is slimy and slippery.

A

Rivularia

83
Q

What are the characteristics of Scenedesmus?

A

Scenedesmus is the MOST WIDLEY DISTRIBUTED of all the freshwater algae. Can live in water with LOW levels of pollution or in lagoons with HIGH levels of pollution found at sewage treatment plants Cells of the colony are always PARALLEL to each other Cells may be stacked one, two or four cells

Wood Aquatics (7 decks)

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