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BISC 326 > Algae > Flashcards

Algae Flashcards

1
Q

Oscillatoria

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
No Branching
Uniseriate

(Looks like spaghetti)

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2
Q

Spirulina

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
No branching
Uniseriate

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3
Q

Anabaena

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
No branching
Uniseriate
Heterocysts (fix nitrogen) and Akinetes bc rough environment

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4
Q

Tolypothrix

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
False branching
Uniseriate
Heterocysts (often att eh bases of false branches)

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5
Q

Stigonema/ Fischerella

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
True branching
Multiseriate

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6
Q

Gloeocapsa

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Non filamentous
Grows in gelatinous matrix (seen by staining with India Ink)
Palmelloid! Not colonial

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7
Q

Nostoc

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Heterocysts
Rarely in marine
Filamentous
Unbranched
Uniseriate
Akinetes and Heterocysts
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8
Q

Merismopedia

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Non filamentous
Colonial
Palmelloid!!

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9
Q

Scytonema

A

Phylum: Cyanophyta
Domain: Eubacteria

Filamentous
False branching
Uniseriate
Heterocysts

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10
Q

Chlamydomonas

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Colonial
Asexual Autocolony Formation
Sexual oogamy
Pyrenoids/eyespots
Aplanospores!! Zoospores!!
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11
Q

Chlorella

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Unicellular, nonmotile

Asexual autospore/ zoospore
Sexual: Isogamous and Haplontic
No flagella
Can grow endosymbiotically in ciliates

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12
Q

Codium Fragile

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Dead man’s fingers (don’t need to know)

Intertidal
No asexual/sporophyte stage
Male and female gametes on separate plants

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13
Q

Eudorina

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Colonial
Sexual oogamy or asexual Auto Colony Formation
Multiples of 16
Beats flagella together

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14
Q

Ulva

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Discoid holdfast
No stipe
2 cell thick membrane blades
Isomorphic Alteration of Generations, Parenchymatous

Attaches to rocks in intertidal

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15
Q

Volvox

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Colonial and Motile
Asexual Auto Colony Formation
Sexual Oogamy
Biflagellate

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16
Q

Chladophora

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Filamentous
No conjugation
Meiosis and mitosis

(Looks like bamboo)

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17
Q

Pediastrum

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Flat, one cell thick Colony
Asexual Auto Colony Formation (zoospores)
Sexual Isogametes (rare)

pedi = flat
astrum = star
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18
Q

Scenedesmus

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Unicellular or colonial
Asexual autospores
Sexual Isogamy
Multiples of 4

(Looks like orzo pasta)

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19
Q

Oedogonium

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Filamentous
Asexual Zoospores/ Germination of aplanospores/ Fragmentation
Sexual Oogamy
Unbranched filaments
Uniseriate
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20
Q

Acetabularia

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Unicellular
Mitosis and nuclear meiosis
Siphonus

(Looks like flowers)

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21
Q

Actinastrum

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Siphonus

Look like stars

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22
Q

Coleochaete

A

Phylum: Chlorophyta
Domain: Plantae

Parenchymatous
Sexual and asexual

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23
Q

Bangia

A

Phylum: Rhodophyta
Domain: Plantae

Filamentous
Monosporic or Oogamous
Uniseriate at base, becomes Multiseriate
Unbranched
Intertidal/subtidal
Clumped on rocks/shells
24
Q

Batrachospermum

A

Phylum: Rhodophyta
Domain: Plantae

Filamentous, uniseriate with branching
Trichogyne is spatula shaped
Asexual monosporic
Sexual oogamy
 (Red algae that is green)
25
Q

Siphonaceous Rhodophyta

A

Neohordomela
Sarciotheca
Halosaccion
Gracillaria

26
Q

Flat Thalli Rhodophyta

A

Chondracanthus

Mazzaella

27
Q

Crust Forming Rhodophyta

A

Mastocarpus

28
Q

Branching Thalli Rhodophyta

A

Microcladia

Prionitis

29
Q

Cosmarium

A

Phylum: Charophyta
Domain: Plantae

Colonial
Unicellular
Binary fission
Conjugation
Desmids!! Divided by medium
(Looks like bubbles)
30
Q

Micrasterias

A

Phylum: Charophyta
Domain: Plantae

Unicellular
Binary Fission and Conjugation
Desmids!!

31
Q

Spirogyra

A

Phylum: Charophyta
Domain: Plantae

Filamentous, uniseriate, unbranched
Aplanospores or
Conjugation
Nodes

(Spiralled chloroplasts)

32
Q

Navicula

A

Phylum: Bacillariophyta
Domain: SAR

DIATOM
Unicellular nonmotile
Binary Fission
Isogamy
Pen-shaped ends (Pennate Diatom)
33
Q

Pinnularia

A

Phylum: Bacillariophyta
Domain: SAR

DIATOM
Elliptical unicellular
Rigid silica framework
Cell division and heterogametic
Auxospores
34
Q

Synedra

A

Phylum: Bacillariophyta
Domain: SAR

DIATOM
Colonial unicellular
Long and needle-like
Asexual

35
Q

Thalassionema

A

Phylum: Bacillariophyta
Domain: SAR

Diatom
Rectangular with rounded ends
Connect to form zigzags

36
Q

Ceratium

A

Phylum: Dinophyceae
Domain: SAR

Unicellular
Binary fission, Isogamy
2-3 horns, armored

37
Q

Noctiluca scintillans

A

Phylum: Dinoflagellata
Domain: SAR

Flagellum doesnt move organism
Nonmotile
Diplontic

Bioluminescence

38
Q

Fucus distichus

A

Phylum: Phaeophyta
Domain: SAR

Diplontic (gametic)
Oogamous
Anisogamous
Parenchymatous

39
Q

Nereocystis luetkeana

A

Phylum: Phaeophyta
Domain: SAR

Alteration of generations
Haplodiplontic, Heteromorphic

40
Q

Sargassum

A

Phylum: Phaeophyta
Domain: SAR

Oogonia and antheridia
Pseudoparenchymatous

41
Q

Euglena

A

Phylum: Euglenozoa
Domain: Eukaryote

Obligate mixotrophic
Phototrophic Euglena
Two equal flagella
3 membranes around chloroplast

42
Q

List of Diatoms

A

Navicula

Pinnularia

Synedra

Thalassionema

43
Q

List of Dinoflagellates

A

Coscinodiscus

Ceratium

Noctiluca scintillans

Peridinium

Thalossiosira

Ditylum brightwelli

Pleurosigma

44
Q

Features of Cyanobacteria

A

Domain: Eubacteria

Photosynthetic prokaryotes
Primary symbionts that algal chloroplasts derived from

Chlorophyll a

Myxoxanthin

Cyanophycin (storage)

45
Q

Features of Chlorophyta

A

Domain: Plantae

Eukaryotic cells distinguished by their ISOKONT

Chloroplast bounded by a double membrane

Stacked thylakoids
Chlorophyll a & b, y-carotene
Starch

SOmetimes Pyrenoids (CO2 fixation)

46
Q

Features of Rhodophyta

A

Domain: Plantae

Features:
No flagella or centrioles
Unstacked thylakoids

Reproduction:
Isomorphic/Heteromorphic Alteration of Generations

Chlorophyll a
Lutein
Floridean Starch

Phycobilliproteins make them red

47
Q

Features of Charophytes

A

Domain: Plantae

First land plants
Homologous chloroplasts
Mitosis similar to land plants

48
Q

Features of Diatoms

A

Domain: SAR
Phylum: Bacillariophyta

Single cell with two part cell walls made of silica

Patterned cell walls (frustules)

Centric = free floating

Benthic = pennate

49
Q

Features of Dinoflagellates

A

Domain: SAR

Unicellular marine planktonic
Dissimilar two flagella
Polygonal plates of polysaccharides (cellulose)

Structurally different from Heterokonts

50
Q

Features of Phaeophyta

A

Domain: SAR

Chlorophyll a & c

Fucoxanthin

Laminarian and manitol as storage

Secondary endosymbiosis

51
Q

Features of Euglenoids

A

Excavates in Domain Eukaryotes

Chlorophyll a & b

Lutein

Starch

Distinguished by their pellicle (protein strips under cell membrane supported by microtubules, giving shape and striations)

Inching motion called METABOLY via sliding of pellicles

52
Q

What are Heterokonts?

A

They = Stramenopiles in domain SAR

Two dissimilar flagella - one long bearing stiff tubular hairs called MASTIGONEMES and a short microscopic one

Four membranes

Chlorophyll a & c with fucoxanthin

Cover Diatoms and Phaeophytes!!

53
Q

Vaucheria

A

Phylum: Xanthophyceae
Domain: SAR

Oogamy
Aplanospores, Zoospores
Filamentous
Sparingly branched

Looks like a tiny pe

54
Q

Mastocarpus

A

Heteromorphic Alteration of Generatiosn

55
Q

Peridinium

A

Phylum: Dinophyceae
Domain: SAR

Unicellular
Binary Fission and Isogamy

Armored no horns

BISC 326 (4 decks)

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