Alfred Adler

Question 1

holds that everyone begins life with physical deficiencies that activate feelings of inferiority—feelings that motivate a person to strive for either superiority or success.

Answer 1

Individual Psychology

Question 2

People strive toward this of either personal superiority or the goal of success for all humankind; is fictional and has no objective existence.

Answer 2

final goal

Question 3

people’s ability to freely shape their behavior and create their own style of life and personality; places control in our life

Answer 3

Creative Power

Question 4

It is the flavor of a person’s life; it includes a person’s goal, self-concept, feelings for others, and attitude toward the world; it is the product of the interaction of heredity, environment, and a person’s creative power.

Answer 4

Style of Life

Question 5

The manner in which people strive is not shaped by reality. are called fictions, or the expectations of the future.

Answer 5

Subjective Perceptions

Question 6

are ideas that have no real existence, yet they influence people as if they really existed.

Answer 6

Fictions

Question 7

this is our most important fiction.

Answer 7

The goal of superiority or success

Question 8

thoughts are those that are understood and regarded by the individual as helpful in striving for success.

Answer 8

Conscious

Question 9

thoughts are those that are not helpful.

Answer 9

Unconscious

Question 10

an attitude of relatedness with humanity in general and empathy for each member of the human community.

Answer 10

Social interest

Question 11

a feeling of oneness with humanity

Answer 11

Gemeinschaftsgefühl

Question 12

this is the condition in which the deficient organ expresses the direction of individual’s goal. This holds that the body’s organ “speak in language which is usually more expressive and discloses the individual’s opinion more clearly than words are able to do”.

Answer 12

Organ dialect

(organ jargon)

Question 13

ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 13

Neurotics tend to (1) set their goals too high, (2) live in their own private world, and (3) have a rigid and dogmatic style of life.

Question 14

EXTERNAL FACTORS IN MALADJUSTMENTS

Answer 14

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies
Pampered Style of Life
Neglected Style of Life

Question 15

People with this external factor in maladjustment sometimes develop exaggerated feelings of inferiority because they overcompensate for their inadequacy.

Answer 15

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

Question 16

characterized by extreme discouragement, indecisiveness, oversensitivity, impatience, and exaggerated emotion, especially anxiety. They also believe that they are entitled to be the first in everything.

Answer 16

Pampered People

(Pampered Style of Life)

Question 17

is a relative concept, meaning, it depends on each person whether he would feel neglected or not, because no one is totally neglected or completely unwanted.

Answer 17

Neglect

(Neglected Style of Life)

Question 18

The most common safeguarding tendency. Typically expressed in the “Yes, but” or “If only” format. These protect a weak but artificially inflated sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing that they are more superior than they really are.

Answer 18

Excuses

Question 19

some people use this to safeguard their exaggerated superiority complex, that is, to protect their fragile self-esteem.

Answer 19

Aggression

Question 20

the tendency to undervalue other people’s achievements and to overvalue one’s own; evident in aggressive behaviors such as criticism and gossip.

Answer 20

Depreciation

Question 21

the tendency to blame others for one’s failures and to seek revenge, thereby safeguarding one’s own tenuous self-esteem.

Answer 21

Accusation

Question 22

marked by self-torture and guilt. Some people use self-torture, including masochism, depression, and suicide, as means of hurting people who are close to them.

Answer 22

Self-accusation

Question 23

is often aggressive, self-accusatory behavior.

Answer 23

Guilt

Question 24

Halting personality development by running away from difficulties; also defined as safeguarding through distance.

Answer 24

Withdrawal

Question 25

the tendency to safeguard one’s fictional goal of superiority by psychologically reverting to a more secure period of life; similar to Freud’s concept of regression.

Answer 25

Moving Backwards

Question 26

similar to moving backward but, in general, it is not as severe; not moving in any direction, thus, avoiding all responsibility by ensuring themselves against any threat of failure.

Answer 26

Standing Still

Question 27

vacillating when faced with difficult problems; involves procrastinations; most compulsive behaviors are attempts to waste time.

Answer 27

Hesitating

Question 28

the least severe of all safeguarding tendencies; involves building easy obstacles that one can easily come through;

Answer 28

Constructing Obstacles

Question 29

Protective devices that enable people to hide their inflated self-image and to maintain their current style of life; Operates Conciously

Answer 29

Safeguarding Tendencies