Alexander III Flashcards
What years did Alexander III reign from?
1881-1914.
What is the name of his tutor which heavily influenced him?
Pobedonostev.
What reason did Alexander III believe to be responsible for the death of his father?
His father’s own moderate aims/
What was the name of the manifesto and what did it state Alexander III would rule with?
Unshakeable Autocracy.
Stated that Alexander III would rule “with faith in the strength and truth of the autocratic power that we have been called upon to affirm and safeguard for the popular good from any infringement.”
Who did Alexander III appoint Minister of Finance?
Bunge.
When did Bunge become Minister of Finance?
1881 to 1887.
What were Bunge’s beliefs and what measures did he introduce?
Bunge believed that Russia’s workers might well become revolutionary as a result of the state’s repressive intervention in the economy as well as from capitalist exploitation. he believed a better way to defeat socialism was to protect workers from distress.
Between 1882 and 1995 he introduced labour legislation to improve working conditions for women and children via a system of factory inspection.
An 1886 law specified the procedure for hiring and firing workers and paying wages, and regulated factory owners’ systems of workers fines.
Improved living conditions,legalised trade unions, industrial training for workers, accident insurance, the investigation of owner-worker disputes and the construction of worker’s houses, laundries, cafes and even reading rooms.
Were Bunge’s reforms a success?
These reforms were inadequate. The factory inspectors were mistrusted by both owners and workers and there were just 267 of them in the whole of Russia by 1897.
Also, his policies attracted criticism for raising expectations too high which were unrealistic and encouraged further demands.
When did Bunge resign?
1 Jan 1887.
Who did Alexander replace Loris-Melikov with as Interior Minister?
Ignatiev.
What did Ignatiev aim to do?
Attempted to strengthen the state and increase the base of social support for tsarism. Aimed to increase peasant loyalty.
Two pieces of legislation reducing the burden on peasants were enacted before the end of 1881.
In May 1881, a law was introduced which made it easier for peasants to rent state land, and by the end of December a law brought about all of Russia’s remaining serfs to be emancipated and the redemption payments to be lowered for all.
Ignatiev planned an Assembly of the Land.
What would Ignatiev’s Assembly of theLand include?
A consultative body of 3000 representatives directly elected by the nobility, the merchant class, and the peasantry. it would satisfy calls for parliamentary processes without limiting Alexander’s authority.
Why did Alexander reject the Assembly of the Land proposals from Ignativ?
Pressure from Katkov and Pobedonostev.
When was Ignatiev sacked?
May 1882.
Who became Minister of Finance when Bunge was sacked?
Ivan Vyshenegradsky.
