Alexander II- Policies post assassination attempt Flashcards
When were the Polish uprisings?
1863
What did Alexander do after Prince Constantine was almost assassinated? (Poland)
-stopped considering giving greater freedoms to the Poles.
What did Alexanders decision to stop considering giving greater freedoms to the Poles result in?
-A general uprising.
Who did Alexander send to bring Poland to a ‘heel’?
-Arch conservative General Muravyev
What did General Muravyev famously say about Polish people?
‘The only good Pole is a hanged Pole’
What was the result of putting General Muravyev into power?
-22,000 poles executed or sent to Siberia.
-Catholics no longer able to communicate with the Vatican
-Poland directly ruled by St Petersburg.
How many Polish people were either executed or sent to Siberia?
22,000
What was Alexander II’s general response to internal opposition?
-Putting key conservatives who disliked reform into key positions of government.
Who are two key conservatives Alexander put into important roles of government?
-Count Tolstoy
-Shuvalov
Which position was Count Tolstoy put into?
-Minister for education
What did Count Tolstoy do as minister for education?
-Encouraged greater censorship- student organisations banned
-History, Russian, science and modern languages replaced by church history, Greek and Latin.
-Authority of primary schools no longer in Zemstvos hands
-University appointments could be vetoed.
Which position was Shuvalov put into?
-Head of the Third section.
What did Shuvalov do as head of the third section?
-Secret Military courts to deal with political suspects
-Increased censorship.
-Third section increased
-Governor generals given emergency powers.
What did Shuvalov and Tolstoy argue was weakening Russia?
-The Westernisation of Russia
Which three FURTHER oppositions led to Alexander establishing a commission to investigate the spread of revolutionary activity?
-The Russo-Turkish war
-The famine
-Further assassination attempts
