Aleiru

Question 1

What are the two routes that supply arterial blood to the head?

Answer 1

Internal Carotid a.

Vertebral veins

Both connect to form circle of willis

Question 2

Internal Carotid a.:

Branches

Blood supply

Answer 2

• Branches: Blood to anterior portion of brain
  
  • Middle cerebral A.->lateral parietal and temporal lobes
  • Anterior cerebral a.–> medial cerebral hemispheres
  • Opthalmic a.–>orbit
• No structures in NECK

Question 3

External Carotid a.

• branches
• supply

Answer 3

• Branches: Superficial structures of head and neck
  
  • Superior Thyroid a.–> thyroid gland, larynx
  • Ascending Pharyngeal a.–> pharnyx
  • Lingual a.–> tongue, sublingual gland
  • Facial a.–>submandibular gland, lips, nose, facial m.
  • Occipital a.–> sternocleidomastoid m.
  • Posterior Auricular a.–> external ear, posterior scalp
  • Superficial temporal A.–>parotid gland, ar, lateral face (zygomatic, temporal)
  • Maxillary a.–> deep face, muscles of mastication, palate, upper teeeth
    
    • 3 branches:
      
      • Mandibular
      • Ptergygoid
      • Ptergopalatine

Question 4

External Carotid a.: Maxilary A. branches:

Answer 4

• Mandibular
  
  • Anterior Tympanic a.
  • Deep Auricular a.
  • Middle Meningeal a.
  • inferior alveolar a.
    
    • mylohyoid branch–>mylohyoid m.
    • mental branch–>mental foramen->chin
  • Accessory meningeal a.
• Perygoid
  
  • Deep temporal a. (anterior and posterior)
  • pterygoid branches
  • masseteric a.
  • buccinator a.
• Pterygopalatine
  
  • infraorbital a.
  • anterior superior alveolar a.
  • posterior superior alveolar a.
  • Middle superior alveolar a.
  • descending palatine a.
  • Artery of pterygoid canal (vidian a.)
  • Pharyngeal a.
  • Sphenopalatine a.
    
    • nasopalatine a. is the terminal branch of the maxillary a.

Question 5

Thoracic aorta branches

-supply

Answer 5

• Bronchial a.–> lungs
• Esophageal a–>esophagus
• intercostal a.–>ribs
• superior phrenic a.–> diaphragm
• mediastinal a.–> mediastinum
• pericardial a.–>pericardium

Question 6

Subclavian a:

Branches

supply

Answer 6

• Branches
  
  • Subclavian a. (Anterior scalene m.)
  • Axillary a. (largest a. that serves upper arm)
  • brachial a.
  • arteries of elbow
  • radial a. ((thumb side)
  • ulnar a. (pinky side)
  • arters of hand and wrist
  • scapular a.

Question 7

Axillary Artery:

Answer 7

• 1st part
  
  • lateral border of 1st rib to proximal edge of pectoralis minor m.
  • superior thoracic a.
    
    • supplies pectoralis major and minor muscles
      
      • 1st and 2nd ICS
• 2nd part (2 branches of arteries)
  
  • thoracoacromial artery(trunk)
    
    • supplies
      
      • deltoid m.
      • thoracoacromion joint
      • superficial pectoralis m.
      • clavicle m.
  • Lateral thoracic artery
    
    • supplies
      
      • serratus pectoralis major and minor m.
      • serratus anterior m.\
      • lateral mammary gland
• 3rd part (3 branches of arteries)
  
  • Subscapular a.
    
    • supplies:
      
      • scapula
      • infraspinous fossa
  • Anterior Humeral circumflex a.
    
    • anterior deltoid
  • Posterior humeral circumflex a.
    
    • posterior deltoid

Question 8

Brachial artery branches

Answer 8

Begins at distal border of teres major m.

• Arm branches: come together at elbow
  
  • Deep brachial artery (profundus)
    
    • posterior arm
  • superior ulnar collateral a. (pinky side)
  • inferior ulnar collateral a.
  • radial collateral artery (thumb side)
  • middle collateral a.

Question 9

Arteries of forearm

Answer 9

Divide at coronoid fossa of humerus

• Radial a. (thumb side)
  
  • Radial recurrent artery (elbow)
• Ulnar artery
  
  • anterior ulnar recurrent artery
  • posterior ulnar recurrent artery
  • Common interosseous artery
    
    • anterior and posterior

Question 10

Arteries of hand:

Answer 10

• Superficial palmar arch
• deep palmar arch
• dorsal digital a.