Aldehydes and ketones

Question 1

Contributes to the flavors and aromas of many foods and assisting in the biological functions of many enzymes

Answer 1

Aldehyde and ketones

Question 2

A carbonyl group bonded to a H atom (Terminal carbonyl group)

*terminal meaning end

Answer 2

Aldehydes

Question 3

A carbonyl group bonded to 2 C atoms (nonterminal carbonyl group)

*terminal meaning end

Answer 3

ketones

Question 4

An aldehyde; is a coenzyme involved in a large number of metabolic reactions (transamination)

Answer 4

Pyridoxal phosphate

Question 5

A steroid hormone w/ ketone group; secreted by the adrenal glands to regulate fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 5

Cortisol (hydrocortisone)

Question 6

Properties of aldehydes and ketones

Answer 6

Produces in large amounts for use as solvent and as starting material to prepare a host to other compounds

Intermediates in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical agents, in almost all biological pathways, and in numerous industrial process

Question 7

Produced for use in building insulation materials in the adhesive resin that bind particle board and plywood

Commonly used

Preservation of biological species

Answer 7

Formaldehyde

Question 8

Widely used as a industrial solvent

Answer 8

Acetone

Question 9

Properties of carbonyl group

Answer 9

not electronegative enough to stabilize negative charge

Cant act as a leaving group in nucleophilic substitution reaction

C is sp2 hybridized

Polarized because of high electronegativity of oxygen relative to carbon

Question 10

C is sp2 hybridized which would indicate:

Answer 10

3 sigma bonds
one pi bond (p-p overlap)
trigonal planar

Question 11

positively polarized and electrophilic

Answer 11

C

Question 12

Negative polarized and nucleophilic

Answer 12

O

Question 13

Use what suffix for aliphatic aldehydes

Answer 13

-al

Question 14

Use what suffix for alicyclic aldehydes

Answer 14

carbaldehyde

Question 15

methanal

Answer 15

formaldehyde

Question 16

ethanal

Answer 16

acetaldehyde

Question 17

2-bromopropanal

Answer 17

a-bromopropionaldehyde

Question 18

“a” refers to the

Answer 18

second carbon, first carbon beside the functional group

Question 19

3-Chlorobutanal

Answer 19

B-Chlorobutyraldehyde

Question 20

3-methylbutanal

Answer 20

Isovaleraldehyde

Question 21

prop-2-enal

Answer 21

acrolein