Alcohols Flashcards
Oxidation of primary alcohol will give ______ for aqueous reagents and _______ for non aqueous.
i) Carboxylic Acid
ii) Aldehyde
Oxidation of secondary alcohol will give ______ for aqueous reagents and _______ for non aqueous.
i) ketone
ii) ketone
What non-aqueous oxidizing agents is used for Alcohol Oxidation?
PCC or PDC
Give an example of aqueous oxidizing agents.
KMnO4 or H2CrO4 or Na2Cr2O7
Name at least 4 reactions that yield an alcohol.
- from Organometallic compounds (w/ formaldehyde, aldehyde, ketones, esters, epoxides)
- Reduction of Aldehyde/Ketone with LiAlH4 or NaBrH4
- Reduction of Esters and Carbox. Acids with LiAlHr
- Alkene with OsO4 then peroxide or KMnO4, OH-, cold then H20 (diols)
- Hydration of Alkene with conc. acid and water
- Oxidative cleavage of of Vicinal Diols with periodic acid.
- Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkene (1. BH3, diglyme 2.H2O2, OH-)
9.
What is the Williamson Ether Synthesis?
reaction between a primary alkyl halide and an alkoxide ion.
-OH can be present during organometallic reaction. [true or false]
False. anything with an acidic proton (-OH, -SH, NH) can not be on the structure for grignard rxn to occur.
An Alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid anhydride to yield what compound?
an Ester.
When reacting with Grignard Reagent, which reactant yield primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols?
primary: formaldehyde
secondary: aldehyde
tertiary: ketone, ester
epoxides w/ grignard –> regent attacks at least hindered side of the epoxide.
Dehydration of Alcohol requires what conditions?
heat and concentrated acid. In equilibrium (dehydration with hydration) Alcohol -> alkene.
What does Oxymercuation include?
2 step process, following Markovnikov’s Rule, converts alkene to alcohol, Reagents: 1. Hg(OAc)2/H2O 2. NaBH4
