Alcohols

Question 1

Why are alcohols less Volatile and why do they have a higher MB point than alkanes?

Answer 1

There is polarity and H bonding between molecules requiring more energy to overcome than the Alkanes’ London forces

Question 2

Why are Alcohols more soluble in water than alkanes?

Answer 2

Alcohols have h bonds that can interact with the h bonds in the water making them more soluble.

Question 3

How do you form an ALKENE from an alcohol?

Answer 3

Dehydration or removing a water molecule under reflux with an acid catalyst.

Question 4

What types of alcohols can be oxidised?

Answer 4

Primary and secondary

Question 5

What is a common oxidising agent

Answer 5

Potassium dichromate(vi)

Question 6

What is the colour change of this reaction

(Cr2O7)2- = Cr3+

Answer 6

Orange to green

Question 7

What are primary alcohols oxidised to

Answer 7

Aldehydes or Carboxylic acids

Question 8

How do you form an aldehyde?

Answer 8

Gently heat then distill as soon as they are produced

Question 9

How do you produce a carboxylic acid?

Answer 9

Prepare under reflux with excess acidified potassium dichromate

Question 10

What can secondary alcohols be oxidised to?

Answer 10

Ketones

Question 11

How can you test for an aldehyde

Answer 11

Feelings reagent or benedict’s

Goes from Blue to brick red

(Cu ii ions go to Cu I ions)