Alcohols Flashcards
What is an alcohol?
An organic compound that contains an OH functional group
What are the 2 type of reactions that can be used to produce ethanol?
Hydration of ethene
Fermentation
What is the equation (for fermentation) to the ethanol?
C6 H12 O6 —–> 2CH3 CH2OH + 2CO2
What do the conditions need to be like in order for fermentation to take place?
- Yeast
- Oxygen-free
- Temperature (30°C - 40°C)
What do conditions need to be like for Hydration of ethene to take place?
Catalyst {Concentrated = H2SO4 and H3PO4}
Temperature { 300°}
Pressure {70 atm}
What are the advantages of fermentation?
Sugar is renewable
Cheap equipment
What are the disadvantages of fermentation?
Is a batch process
Ethanol needs distilling
What is the equation (using hydration of ethene) to produce ethanol?
C2H4 + H20 ⇌ CH3 CH2 OH
What are the advantages of making ethanol using hydration of ethene?
Continuous process
Purer product which involves less refinement
What are the advantages of making ethanol using hydration of ethene?
Ethene is non- renewable
Why is ethanol considered to be carbon-neutral bio-fuel?
This is because there is no net release of CO2
What is a bio-fuel?
A fuel that comes from a plant.
Explain with symbol equations why alcohol is considered as a carbon neutral bio-fuel?
1) PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
6CO(2) + 6H(2)O —–> C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2)
= Here 6 O(2) atoms are released
2) FERMENTATION:
C(6)H(12)O(6) —–> 2C(2)H(5)OH + 2CO(2)
3) COMBUSTION:
2C(2)H(5)OH + 6O(2) ——–> 4CO(2) + 6H(2)O
= In the fermentation + combustion reaction 6 CO(2) is released
Making it equal. As a result making ethanol carbon neutral.
Why is the statement that “ethanol is carbon neutral” not always correct?
Because transportation of ethanol and the use of the machinery produces CO(2)
What are the different types of alcohol? Properties to determine the alcohol?
- Primary Alcohol - 1 alkyl groups
- Secondary Alcohol - 2 alkyl groups
- Tertiary Alcohol - 3 alkyl groups
Reference to this video: https://youtu.be/MX2IWFBO5fM?t=909
