Alcohols Flashcards
What is alcohols’ functional group?
-OH group ( -O-H or -OH)
What is the ending of alcohol names?
End in ‘-ol’
What is the general formula for an alcohol?
CnH₂n₊₁OH
What is a homologous series?
It’s a group of chemicals that react in a similar way because they have the same functional group
What is the symbol version methanol?
CH₃OH NOT CH₄O
What is the symbol version ethanol?
C₂H₅OH
What is the symbol version propanol?
C₃H₇OH
What are the properties of the first 3 alcohols?
1) Alcohols are flammable. They burn in air to produce carbon dioxide and water
2) All dissolve completely in water to form neutral solutions
3) They react with sodium to give hydrogen and alkoxides
4) Ethanol is the main alcohol in alcoholic drinks. It’s not as toxic as methanol but still damages the liver and the brain.
What is the effect of drinking methanol?
Blindness
What is a use of alcohols?
Used as solvents
Used as fuels
Why are alcohols very useful solvents in industry?
They can dissolve most compounds that water can dissolve but they can also dissolve other substances (Hydrocarbons, oil and fats).
Ethanol is the solvent for [ ] and aftershave lotions. It can mix with both [ ] (smell) and the [ ] (that makes up the bulk)
perfumes
oils
water
What are methylated spirits? What are they used for?
Methylated spirit is ethanol with chemicals (eg, methanol) added to it.
It’s used to clean paint brushed and as a fuel. It’s poisonous to drink, so purply-blue dye is added.
Ethanol is used as a fuel in [ ]. Why?
Spirit burners - it burns fairly cleanly and it’s not-smelly
Ethanol can be used as fuel for cars. How? Why?
It can be mixed in with petrol and used as fuel. Since pure ethanol is clean burning, the more ethanol in a mix, the less pollution is produced.
