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Organic Chemistry MCAT > Alcohols > Flashcards

Alcohols Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain how to name an alcohol.

A

If alcohol is highest priority group,
alkane ends with “ol”

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2
Q

phenols

A

aromatic alcohols; hydroxyl group attached to aromatic ring

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3
Q

ortho/meta/para?

A

Ortho

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4
Q

ortho/meta/para?

A

Meta

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5
Q

ortho/meta/para?

A

Para

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6
Q

As you add alcohol groups onto hydrocarbon chain, the melting and boiling points…

A

INCREASES

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7
Q

Is the hydroxyl carbon acidic?

A

weakly!

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8
Q

Are hydroxyl hydrogens on phenols more or less acidic that other alcohols?

A

more!

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9
Q

Why are phenol hydroxyl hydrogens more acidic?

A

aromatic nature - resonance stabilization of negative charge on oxygen

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10
Q

Do Electron withdrawing groups increase/decrease acidity?

A

increase acidity

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11
Q

Do electron donating groups increase/decrease acidity?

A

decrease acidity

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12
Q

As alkyl groups are added, the acidity increases/decreases?

A

acidity decreases! alkyl chains are electron donating

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13
Q

Do alkyl groups donate or withdraw electron density?

A

donate

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14
Q

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes ONLY by ___

A

PCC

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15
Q

Secondary alcohols can be oxidized by ___

A

PCC or any stronger oxidation agent

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16
Q

Can tertiary alcohols be oxidized?

A

CanNOT

17
Q

Oxidation of primary alcohol with stron oxidizing agent will produce a __

A

carboxylic acid

18
Q

Na2Cr2O7 and K2Cr2O2 (dichromate salts) are good ___

A

oxidizing agents

19
Q

secondary alcohols are oxidized to __

A

KETONES

20
Q

Are alcohols good leaving groups for nucleophilic substitution reactions?

A

Poor!

21
Q

compound containing functional group SO3CH3

A

mesylate

22
Q

mesylates and tosylates make alcohols better ___

A

better leaving groups

23
Q
A

tosylate

24
Q
A

mesylate

25
Q

Alcohols can be used as ___ for other functional groups

A

protecting groups

26
Q

aldehydes can be reacted with two equivalents of an alcohol or a diol to form __

A

acetals

27
Q

ketones can be reacted with two equivalents of an alcohol or a diol to form ___

A

ketal

28
Q

Are acetals/ketals reactive to LiAlH4?

A

No

29
Q

Acetals and ketals as protecting groups:

A

protects aldehyde or ketone from a reducing reaction

30
Q

reactions of phenols with oxidizing agents produces ___

A

quinones

31
Q
A

quinone

32
Q

quinones serve as ___ biochemically

A

electron acceptors

33
Q

acts as electron acceptor in Complexes I, II, and III of ETC

A

ubiquinone

34
Q

___ are produced by oxidation of quinones (adds hydroxyl groups)

A

hydroxyquninones

35
Q

The acetal or ketal can be converted back to a carbonyl by ___

A

acid

Organic Chemistry MCAT (7 decks)

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