Alcohol Use Disorder Flashcards
what effect does alcohol have on GABA
potentiates it
what effect does alcohol have on serotonin
reduces function
units =
ABV x volume of glass
What is central pontine myelinosis
white matter in brainstem affected, leads to pseudobulbar palsy, quadriplegia –> death
What is Marchiafava-Bignami disease
demyelination of corpus callosum
Three types of alcohol withdrawal syndrome
uncomplicated
AWS with seizures
delirium tremens
Uncomplicated AWS
4-12 hrs after last drink
coarse tremor, sweating, insomnia, nausea, vomiting
increased craving
peak at 48hrs, lasts 2-5 days
AWS with seizures
grand mal seizures
don’t signify the development of epilepsy
predisposing factors: previous Hx of them, epilepsy, head injury, hypokalaemia
Delirium tremens
acute confusional state medical emergency occurs within a week of last drink risk increased by: severe dependence, co-morbid infection, pre-existing liver damage
additional symptoms of delirium tremens
marked psychomotor agitation
hallucinations
persecutory delusions
febrile
treatment of wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
high potency parenteral vitamins
prophylaxis in detox
what is wernicke-korsakoff due to
it’s neuronal degeneration secondary to thiamine deficinecy
what is the wernicke encephalopathy tetrad
ACS
opthalmoplegia
nystagmus
ataxic gait
4 pharma treatments of alcohol use disorders
naltrexone
baclofen
acamprosate
disulfiram
what does disulfiram (antabuse) do
irreversible inhibition of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) which converts alcohol to CO2 and H2O
what does camprosate do
anti-craving
enhance GABA transmission in brain
NMDA antagonist
what does naltrexone do
opioid antagonist
modulates the euphoric effect of alcohol
what are the 5 stages of change
pre-contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance
